问题 多选题

铁和铁合金是生活中常见的材料,下列说法正确的是(  )

A.铁与盐酸反应,铁合金不与盐酸反应

B.一定条件下,铁粉可与水蒸气反应

C.不锈钢是铁合金,只含金属元素

D.纯铁的硬度和强度均低于铁合金

答案

A、铁与盐酸反应,铁合金和盐酸也可以反应;故A错误;

B、铁粉和水蒸气在高温下反应生成四氧化三铁和氢气;故B正确;

C、不锈钢是铁的合金,含有非金属碳、硅等非金属,镍等金属;故C错误;

D、合金的强度和硬度一般比组成它们的纯金属更高,抗腐蚀性能等也更好,故D正确;

故选BD.

阅读理解

Is getting a black belt(腰带) on your life’s to-do list? Then this elderly woman in San Francisco just might be your hero.

Just two years before her 100th birthday, Sensei Keiko Fukuda has become the first woman to achieve a tenth-degree black belt --- the highest rank in Judo (柔道). Fukuda is now one of only four living people who have earned the tenth-degree black belt. Throughout history, only 16 people have ever achieved this honor.

Fukuda began practicing Judo in 1935 and is the only surviving student of its founder, Kano Jiguro.

At her teacher’s requirement, she learned English to help spread Judo internationally.

During a time when getting married, building a family and becoming a housewife were the norms(行为标准),Fukuda broke from tradition, continuing Judo instead of getting married.

“All I did was Judo ... This was my marriage,” Fukuda replied tearfully to the San Francisco Chronicle. “This is when my destiny (命运) was set. I just imagined how long the road would be.”

She described the Jiguro’s school as “old-fashioned and sexist(性别歧视的) about belts and ranks”. In fact, an edict(法令) that prevented women from achieving any higher than a fifth-degree black belt kept Fukuda at that level for 30 years. She finally got the sixth degree in 1972 when a women’s division(分部)was created.

Fukuda thinks Judo and her life to be “gentle, kind and beautiful, yet firm and strong, both mentally and physically”. Fukuda says this kind of beauty is not external(外在的). She explained. “I believe this inner beauty is true beauty… All my life this has been my dream.”

Her dream was turned into reality, and the 98-year-old Sensei Keiko Fukuda continues to teach Judo three times a week at a women’s Judo training center.

小题1:Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the article?

A.She is the first woman to achieve the highest rank in Judo.

B.It took her 30 years to get a tenth-degree black belt.

C.Her teacher wanted her to help spread Judo to other parts of the world.

D.Only one woman and fifteen men have ever earned the tenth-degree black belt in the history.小题2:Why did Fukuda pursue(追求) Judo all her life?

A.To look for inner beauty.

B.To help Japan become stronger.

C.To spread Judo around the world.

D.To fight against tradition.小题3:Which of the following best describes Fukuda according to the article?

A.Traditional

B.Popular

C.Determined (坚定的)

D.Curious

问答题 简答题