问题 完形填空
     An oral history is a piece of writing based on an interview with a person who has lived through a significant period in history or experienced a historical event. His or her memories provide a personal view of the past.
The first goal of all oral histories is to record stories about a specific subject. That subject may be a historical event like the D-Day invasion. It may be a period of history like the Depression, or a social or cultural trend, such as child labor. The first step in an oral history project, therefore, is to select a subject that interests you and is of historical significance.
Before attempting to identify people to interview for your project, you must first gather background information about the subject. The Library of Congress, which houses thousands of oral histories, provides these tips for researching your subject.
Before entering the library or logging onto the internet, decide on key words to use in your search. Use detailed search words. For example, search for rock and roll of the ’60s instead of the more general term music.
Look through newspaper and magazine articles and Internet Web sites to identify documents that are related to your subject. Make copies of those that will help you plan your interview questions and discard all others.
Discuss what you’ve read about your subject surprised you? What aspect of your subject would you like to know more about? Asking questions like these will help you to focus your subject and to identify the voice or voices you need to interview.
Oral histories are as much about self as they are about subject. One goal of an oral history interview is to find out what happened. A second and equally important goal is to discover how people reacted to or were affected by what happened. The person you select to interview, therefore, should have had some experience with the subject – either as a participant or a witness.
Once you have identified one or more people to interview, begin preparing your questions. The best questions are open-ended, encouraging the speaker to respond with more than a mere “Yes” or “No.” For example, an interviewer might have asked Clarence Hughart this question about his D-Day experience: Were you scared? That question, however, would probably not have elicited the sort of dramatic storytelling that Hughart provided.
Make a list of ten possible interview questions. The first two or three should be fairly general, asking the interviewee to talk about his or her childhood, perhaps. These kinds of questions put people at ease. Save more sensitive questions until the interview has been underway for five, 10, or 15 minutes or more.
After the interview come the final steps: writing a summary of the interview and then shaping it into a finished piece of writing.

Deciding what you want to learn more about.

 
Selecting either a participant or a   __(9) .
 
Making a list of possible interview questions.
 
  (10)  with general questions and save more sensitive ones for later.
 
 

 
答案

  1. significant                  2. historical              3.interesting             4. Identify                 

5. Shape                  6.  on/what             7. log                           8. related/relevant

9. witness                  10. Starting/Beginning

多项选择题

投资建设项目是一种常见的典型的项目类型。从广义上讲,投资建设项目是指为了特定目标而进行的投资建设活动。《辞海》(1999年版)中关于“建设项目”的定义为:“在一定条件约束下,以形成固定资产为目标的一次性事业。一个建设项目必须在一个总体设计或初步设计范围内,由一个或若干个互有内在联系的单项工程所组成,经济上实行统一核算,行政上实行统一管理。”从以上表述可知投资建设项目的含义包括( )。

A.投资建设项目是一种既有投资行为,又有建设行为的项目,其目标是形成固定资产。建设项目是将投资转化为固定资产的经济活动过程

B.“一次性事业”即一次性任务,显示了项目的一次性特征。“经济上实行统一核算,行政上实行统一管理”,显示项目是在一定的组织机构内进行,项目一般由一个组织或几个组织联合完成

C.对一个投资建设项目范围的认定标准,是具有一个总体设计或初步设计。凡属于一个总体设计或初步设计的项目,不论是主体工程还是相应的附属配套工程,不论是由一个还是由几个施工单位施工,不论是同期建设还是分期建设,都只能作为一个建设项目

D.只有在经济上实行统一核算的项目才被认定为一个建设项目

E.在投资建设管理工作中,对建设项目的认定应按现行的有关规定执行。如国家进行建设项目统计时,对投资金额很小的项目不单独作为一个建设项目计算

单项选择题