问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读《鼎湖山听泉》中的几段文字,完成问题。

入夜,山中万籁俱寂。借宿寺旁客房,如枕泉而眠。深夜听泉,别有一番滋味。泉声浸着月光,听来格外清晰。白日里浑然一片的泉鸣,此时却能分出许多层次:那柔曼如提琴者,是草丛中淌过的小溪;那清脆如弹拨者,是石缝间漏下的滴泉;那厚重如倍司轰响者,应为万道细流汇于空谷;那雄浑如铜管齐鸣者,定是激流直下陡壁,飞瀑落入深潭。至于泉水绕过树根,清流拍打着卵石,则轻重缓急,远近高低,各自发出不同的音响。这万般泉声,被一支看不见的指挥棒编织到一起,汇成一曲奇妙的交响乐。在这泉水的交响之中,仿佛能够听到岁月的流逝,历史的变迁,生命在诞生、成长、繁衍、死亡,新陈代谢的声部,由弱到强,渐渐展开,升腾而成为主旋律。我俯身倾听着,分辨着,心神犹如融于水中,随泉而流,游遍鼎湖;又好像泉水汩汩滤过心田,冲走污垢,留下深情,任我品味,引我遐想。啊,我完全陶醉在泉水的歌唱之中。说什么“山不在高,有仙则名”,我却道“山不在高,有泉则灵”。孕育生机,滋润万木,泉水就是鼎湖山的灵魂。

这一夜,只觉泉鸣不绝于耳,不知是梦,是醒?

梦也罢。醒也罢。我愿清泉永在。我愿清泉常鸣。

小题1:文中所描写的泉声有什么独特的美?                                        

小题2:“深夜听泉,别有一番滋味”,这别有的“滋味”具体表现在哪些方面?

                                                                       

小题3:“我俯身倾听着,分辨着,心神犹如融于水中,随泉而流,游遍鼎湖;又好像泉水汩汩滤过心田,冲走污垢,留下深情,任我品味,引我遐想。”中的“融”和“滤”用得好不好,请选择一个进行分析。                                                         。

小题4:下面一段文字描写瀑布,与上文描写泉水相比较,它们在写法上有哪些相同的地方?请作简要分析。

那瀑布从上面冲下,仿佛已被扯成大小的几绺;不复是一幅整齐而平滑的布。岩上有许多棱角;瀑流经过时,作急剧的撞击,便飞花碎玉般乱溅着了。那溅着的水花,晶莹而多芒;远望去,像一朵朵小小的白梅,微雨似的纷纷落着。  (朱自清《绿》)

答案

小题1:节奏美、层次美、情韵美。

小题2:①万般泉声,如一曲奇妙的交响乐。②听出岁月的流逝,历史的变迁,生命的诞生、成长、繁衍、死亡的人生感悟。③有一种心灵净化和升华的遐思。(答对其中两点即可)

小题3:融,恰当地写出作者全身心的投入,被奇妙的泉声所陶醉,沉浸其中。

小题4:都采用了比喻的修辞(1分),生动形象地写出了泉水和瀑布的优美动人。(1分)都从动态的角度描写泉水和瀑布,展现其美。(1分)

题目分析:

小题1:根据“那柔曼如提琴者,是草丛中淌过的小溪;那清脆如弹拨者,是石缝间漏下的滴泉;那厚重如倍司轰响者,应为万道细流汇于空谷;那雄浑如铜管齐鸣者,定是激流直下陡壁,飞瀑落入深潭”这几句话,分析出泉声的特点为“具有层次美”;根据“这万般泉声,被一支看不见的指挥棒编织到一起,汇成一曲奇妙的交响乐”这几句话,分析出泉声的特点为“具有音乐美”;根据“在这泉水的交响之中,仿佛能够听到岁月的流逝,历史的变迁,生命在诞生、成长、繁衍、死亡,新陈代谢的声部,由弱到强,渐渐展开,升腾而成为主旋律”这几句话,分析出泉声的特点为“具有情韵美”。

小题2:“深夜听泉,别有一番滋味”的“滋味”主要表现在:仿佛能够听到岁月的流逝,历史的变迁,生命在诞生、成长、繁衍、死亡,新陈代谢的声部,由弱到强,渐渐展开,升腾而成为主旋律;心神犹如融于水中,随泉而流,游遍鼎湖;又好像泉水汩汩滤过心田,冲走污垢,留下深情,任我品味,引我遐想。

小题3:无论选择“融”还是“滤”,我们都要给予出相应的理由。如:滤,写出了泉水对作者心灵的净化,“冲走污垢,留下深情”。

小题4:选文主要采用比喻的修辞手法,表现出泉水的动态美;很明显链接材料中也是采用比喻的修辞手法,同样也表现出泉水的动态美。

点评:抒情性散文在形散的美丽外衣下,往往蕴涵着真情实感。所以,对抒情性散文的分析,重在入情入境,细心品味。可以从以下几个方面入手: 一、感悟理解。感悟是对作品内涵,技巧,艺术境界的正确理解,是对作品的再创作和提高。阅读的本质就是从文章外在形式理解其精神核心,这就要学生与作者心灵相通,领悟作者如何与自然.生活对话,感悟作者在作品中流露的情感和思想。

单项选择题
阅读理解
任务型阅读。
    One of the most well-known directors of our time is Stephen Spielberg. He was born in Cincinnati on 18
December 1946. His father was an electric engineer and his mother was a performing pianist. His sister, Anne
Spielberg, became a screenwriter who wrote the stories for many famous films.
    Stephen had always wanted to be a director ever since he was a young boy. When he was just 13 years old,
he made a 40-minute film. It won a local competition. Three years later, he produced a film called Firelight,
which made one hundred dollars' profit at the cinema in his hometown. Many of the ideas from this film were
later used for one of his most famous films called Close Encounters of the Third Kind.
    When he was 18 years old, he wanted to go to film school so that he could improve his skills and become
an even better director. Unluckily, he was unsuccessful in getting a place at this school so he went to a
university in California to study English. Even though he had failed to get into the school he wanted to go to,
he didn't let this stop him following his dream to become a great director.
    Stephen Spielberg has directed many films since his first major film in 1976. He now owns many different
businesses, most of which are involved in the film industry.
Year What happened
1946Stephen Spielberg 1_____ 2_____ in Cincinnati.
1959Stephen Spielberg made a 3_____ film and it 4_____ a local
competition.
1962Stephen Spielberg produced a film called 5_____, from which many 
6_____ were later used for Close Encounters of the Third Kind.
7_____ Though he 8_____ to get into the film school he wanted to go to,
Stephen Spielberg didn't give up his dream to become a great director.
1976Stephen Spielberg 9_____ his 10_____ major film.