问题 阅读理解

C

Restaurants in Europe, the United States and Japan are testing technology to let diners order their food direct from a screen at their table instead of depending on a fellow human being to note their choice.

Besides cutting costs, companies that sell the “e-menus” argue the bytes-for-bites way has a new value that can attract younger customers, and various photographs of steaks and gooey desserts attract diners to order more. It also could extend the TV dinner. How about a computer game dinner?

“It's about impulse-buying,” said Adi Chitayat, Conceptic’s CEO. “If a person starts looking at pictures of chocolate cake, the chances are he'll order it.” Frame, a restaurant in Tel Aviv with the system, is said to have its sales on tables with the e-menu  increased by about 11% . Customers often call ahead to reserve (预定)spots equipped with screens, manager Natalie Edry told Reporters.

At one of the e-menu tables, IT worker Gil Uriel and his young family were enthusiastic as they checked out pictures of the dishes on offer and squabbled(争吵) over desserts. “It’s more visual,” says Uriel, as his children clicked away furiously on a games function between courses. “We can still choose, we can still argue —but it’s much easier when we can all see it.”

1.The following are the advantages of “restaurants with” EXCEPT that_______.

A.eating in them is more comfortable

B.the restaurants can save a lot of money

C.they can attract more youngsters to the restaurants

D.customers can see the pictures of their ordered foods

2.The underlined word “impulse—buying” in the 3rd paragraph means_______

A.having no idea in buying things

B.being uninterested in buying things

C.having no patience in buying things

D.being encouraged in buying things

3.According to the last paragraph, we know that_______.

A.costomers feel little interest in the e-menus

B.e-menus only attract a small number of customers

C.it still takes time for e-menus to be widely accepted

D.restaurants of this kind are refused by customers

4.The best title of this passage may be “_______”.

A.Computers in restaurants

B.Restaurants try e-menus

C.Modern restaurants

D.Great changes in restaurants

5.This passage might be taken from_______

A.a food guide           B.a website

C.a traveling magazine       D.classic advertisements

答案

小题1:A

小题2:D

小题3:C

小题4:B

小题5:B

问答题

一般资料:张某,女,20岁,无业,高中文化,无宗教信仰,目前与父母同住。
个人成长史:求助者性格文静、内向,话语不多。求助者的父母都是农民,没有文化,对于孩子的管教不严格,顺其自然,家庭气氛宽松,使求助者任性、固执。求助者喜欢与母亲谈心,曾听母亲说邻居家的女孩因为念了高中没有考上大学,觉得很丢人就远嫁他乡了,自此自己就对那些没有考上大学的高中学生有负性看法,认为考不上大学就不光彩。同村的一个女孩没有考上大学,求助者经常嘲笑她,遭到父母的责怪,让其不要嘲笑别人。自此觉得和母亲没有共同语言,不再与母亲交流。去年求助者参加高考,结果差几分落榜。求助者心有不甘,害怕别人笑话自己,于是又复读一年,结果又一次落榜。求助者无重大躯体疾病史,无精神病家族史。有一与其有类似高考落榜经历的女友。
精神状态:意识清醒,思维正常,情绪焦虑易紧张,有一定自制力但易激动,言行一致,人格较稳定。
身体状态:近三个月睡眠不好。
社会功能:人际关系比较紧张,做事情的时候精神不集中。
心理测验结果:(1)SAS:标准分58。(2)SDS:标准分49。(3)SCL-90:总分145,人际关系敏感2.9,抑郁3.04,焦虑2.3。
案例介绍:高考落榜以后,求助者觉得自己不用在高考的压力下生活了,但是觉得自己没有考上大学很丢人。有同样经历的朋友,看法也是一样的。因此求助者对以后的生活很没有信心,不主动出去找工作,也不主动与人交往。一直不想让别人知道自己高考失败的事情。后来邻居们说这件事情的时候,求助者知道后心理很不安,开始觉得大家都用一种异样的眼光看着自己,甚至认为大家都在鄙视自己,而且如果有人在其面前提起高考相关的事情,求助者就会认为大家在故意羞辱她,觉得自己在大家的面前抬不起头来。在持续的心理压力下,求助者越来越消沉,脾气很暴躁,家里人开始对求助者有些看法,会跟她说一些道理。她认为,家人也是因为自己高考落榜而这样对待她,自己感觉家里也呆不下去了,感觉很压抑,也没有办法解决,所以来做心理咨询。
求助者个人陈述:“高考失败已经快一年了可从小就觉得自己应该考上大学”,“大家对于没有考上大学的孩子都有偏见”,“我现在害怕出门,怕人家问我高考的事情,有时候觉得再复读就好了,在学校里,别人也说不了什么,但是在学校里也是煎熬”。
心理咨询师的观察和他人反映:
1.母亲诉述:最近一个多月,女儿说很累,认为干什么都累,想找一个安静的地方呆着。问她为什么,她也不说。我想这与她没有考上大学有关系。得知没有考上大学以后,她就一直把自己关在家里,还总是唉声叹气的,说自己的命运不好,没有考上大学。以前她经常到同学家里玩,但是现在只是把自己关在屋里谁也不想见,同学们也不来家里找她玩。
2.咨询师了解及观察到的情况:求助者一直对自己要求严格,认为自己一定要考上大学,要不然自己的人生就没有办法坚持下去。谈到自己没有考上大学这件事情,求助者就会很激动,还会哭泣。说大家以前和自己都很友善,自己做什么大家都会夸奖自己,但是自从自己高考失败以后,他们对自己的态度一下子都改变了,觉得自己很丢人。自己最好的朋友也有这样的经历和观点,加强了她对高考失败的负性评价。求助者现在只想找一个安静的地方,对人的敏感仅限于居住地,无泛化。求助者意识清楚,自知力完整,应答切题,情绪略焦虑,面色忧郁。
根据上述情况,回答下列问题:

请简述贝克和雷米认知疗法的基本程序。

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