问题 完形填空

请阅读下列应用文及相关信息,并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。

以下是旅游景点的信息:

A. Agra Fort

Near the gardens of the Taj Mahal stands the important 16th-century Mughal monument known as the Red Fort of Agra. This powerful fortress of red sandstone encompasses, within its 2.5-km-long enclosure walls, the imperial city of the Mughal rulers. It comprises many fairy-tale palaces, such as the Jahangir Palace and the Khas Mahal, built by Shah Jahan; audience halls, such as the Diwan-i-Khas; and two very beautiful mosques.

B. Taj Mahal

Taj Mahal is regarded as one of the eight wonders of the world, and some Western historians have noted that its architectural beauty has never been surpassed. The Taj is the most beautiful monument built by the Mughals, the Muslim rulers of India. Taj Mahal is built entirely of white marble. It was constructed over a period of twenty-two years, employing twenty thousand workers. It was completed in 1648 C.E. at a cost of 32 Million Rupees.

C. Keoladeo National Park

This former duck-hunting reserve of the Maharajas is one of the major wintering areas for large numbers of aquatic birds from Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, China and Siberia. Some 364 species of birds, including the rare Siberian crane, have been recorded in the park.

D. Humayun's Tomb, Delhi

This tomb, built in 1570, is of particular cultural significance as it was the first garden-tomb on the Indian subcontinent. It inspired several major architectural innovations, culminating in the construction of the Taj Mahal. The gardens also contain the red-and-white sandstone and black-and-yellow marble tomb of Humayun’s wife and the tomb of Humayun’s barber.

E. Grand Canyon National Park

The Grand Canyon is perhaps the most awesome sight in the United States--and one of the wonders of the world. Much of the park's beauty is related to its geology and ecology. Schmidt explores the shape of the land, its plants and animals, and its human history. A fascinating book that everyone visiting the Grand Canyon should read. The Skywalk at Grand Canyon West is really exciting.

F.Sundarbans National Park

The Sundarbans covers 10,000 sq. km of land and water (more than half of it in India, the rest in Bangladesh) in the Ganges delta. It contains the world's largest area of mangrove forests. A number of rare or endangered species live in the park, including tigers, aquatic mammals, birds and reptiles.

请阅读以下旅游者的信息,然后匹配旅游者和他/她拟旅游的景点。

56. Carina is fond of art and likes travelling very much. In order to take part in the following exhibition, she wants to take some photos of birds from all over the world, especially the rare Siberian crane. In the meanwhile, she doesn’t want to spend too much money.

57. Daisy’s major is biology. She is interested in studies of tigers in India. Before graduation, she needs to write an essay on the tiger. She hears that it is one of the largest tiger populations of any of India’s parks. And so she wants to go there to do some research.

58. Alexander is a college student of Physics. He learns that this canyon is a gift from past generations that goes beyond what we experience. He is looking forward to going there and experiencing the Skywalk in the park.

59. Sammy majors in history. He will visit it again this summer. He says it’s built entirely of white Marble and is one of the eight wonders of the world. Its beauty is beyond description, particularly at dawn and sunset. It seems to glow in the light of the full moon. On a foggy morning, the visitors experience it as if suspended when viewed from across the Jamuna river.

60. Nancy comes from the history department. Last summer she visited the ancient markets of Agra and this year she wants to visit it again. Not long ago she said: “Arriving at the Delhi airport, we representatives were warmly received. Our tirdness flew in seconds by the traditional welcome that we got at the hotel’s reception.” The next day they visited the famous tomb.

答案

CFEBD

问答题


阅读以下关于图书馆的数字信息化工程方面的叙述,回答问题1和问题2。
随着Intranet信息技术的发展,图书馆为了更好地发挥其图书流通、资料检索和学术交流的职能,图书馆的数字信息化工程也势在必行。某图书馆为了尽快地步入世界先进图书馆的行列,已经启动了一部分的数字图书馆工程。该数字图书馆工程主要包括对外信息 Web发布系统,交互式检索网、后台馆藏信息管理系统、多媒体资料采集制作以及VOD点播系统等。
郭工程师参与了整个数字化信息系统的总体设计,该图书馆数字化信息系统从网络环境上讲,主要划分为多个网段:
(1)Intranet接入部分,采用2M的DDN专线;
(2)公共网段(非军事区),主要包括前台发布数据库服务器、Web服务器、E-Mail/ FTP/DNS服务器、检索服务器及SAN网络区域存储设备;
(3)是内部局域网,包括内网Web服务器、后台馆藏数据库服务器、OA服务器等;
(4)是VOD点播专用网,包括音频视频点播服务器等。
考虑到经费和人员素质及今后的维护管理运营等方面,郭工程师建议操作系统采用 Windows NT平台,服务器选用DELL高端的系列,数据库采用IBM的DB2。主干网为千兆快速交换式以太网,局域网百兆到桌面,VOD点播网十兆到桌面。在该网络环境下应用主要分为三大部分:
(1)对外Web发布系统、对外图书辅助检索系统;
(2)后台馆藏信息管理系统和图像/全文混合检索系统;
(3)VOD点播系统。由于绝大部分应用采用Browser/Server方式结构,最终用户在本地只需安装IE或者Netscape Web浏览器,在后台数据库服务器的支持下通过网页方式请求和访问各类应用服务。另外,由于在图书馆信息系统中流通的多为索引、摘要、全文或音频视频等多媒体信息,对Web服务器性能与网络带宽等都有更高的要求。
通过不断地试验和实践,郭工程师发现从以下几个方面可以相对有效地提升Web服务器性能:
(1)缓存服务器和均衡负载设备使用可以缓解访问瓶颈,提高网络带宽、实现均衡负载。目前某图书馆采用这种方式,把大数据量的静态图片、点播资源、虚拟三维应用等都事先置放在cache服务器中,即使现今只有2M Internet 的接入带宽,以上应用的播放速度和效果仍能让用户满意。另外一种方式采用均衡负载设备或Web双机镜像。这种方式通过负载均衡的方法达到Web访问性能最优。Web双机镜像是较早以前流行的方式,虽能使系统可靠性提升,但由于双机总是在互相询问对方状态,将会影响一定的访问性能。均衡负载设备是独立于Web服务器的硬件,它和Web服务器及网站中其他服务器接在同一交换机上,通过负载调度程序为各个服务器分配工作量,从而,能达到充分利用资源,提高访问性能的目的。只是由于某图书馆目前对外发布资源相对仍较少,只采用了三台Web服务器,因此目前的均衡负载设备作用还不显著。
(2)从Web服务器的配置来看Web服务器自身CPU个数及速度、网卡数量、Web服务器与防火墙的位置关系等,都会影响到Web服务器的性能。从Web服务器硬件本身来讲, CPU个数的增加、网卡个数的增加、I/O信道的扩展无疑可以直接地提高Web服务器性能。此外,由于千兆口的防火墙目前较少且费用较高;如果把Web服务器放置防火墙之后,一定会大大影响Internet访问性能。某图书馆采用IDS(入侵侦测)+Web服务器(服务器防火墙,较低端,不会影响流量)+应用服务器+数据库服务器(防火墙,高端),分层次的安全模式,既保证了系统的安全性,又提升了网络访问性能。另外,某图书馆还采用了SAN网络区域存储来提高服务器访问速度。
(3)三层C/S软件结构设计和应用程序的适当部署也会提高Web服务器的性能。
该图书馆采用这种方式专门开发了搜索引擎应用服务器和混合检索应用服务器等,达到了良好的应用效果。事实上,Web服务器的性能提升还存在很多手段和方法,比如CPU与存储之间关系,Web交换机等等。

[问题2]
试用200字以内文字说明使用缓存服务器的优势。

单项选择题