问题 填空题

肾先天性发育异常应包括__________、___________、____________、___________和____________。

答案

参考答案:肾数目异常、肾位置异常、肾旋转异常、肾形态异常、肾发育不全

阅读理解与欣赏

阅读。

苹果里的星星

  一个人的错误,有可能侥幸地成为另一个人的发现。

  儿子走上前来,向我报告幼儿园里的新闻,说他又学会了新东西,想在我面前显示。 

  他打开抽屉,拿出一把还不该他用的小刀,又从冰箱里取出一个苹果,说:“爸爸,我要让您看看里面藏着什么。”

  “我知道苹果里面是什么。”我说。

  “来,还是让我切给您看看吧。”他说着把苹果一切两半——切错了。我们都知道,正确的切法应该是从茎部切到底部窝凹处。而他呢,却把苹果横放着拦腰切下去。然后,他把切好的苹果伸到我面前:“爸爸,看哪,里头有颗星星呢。”

  真的,从横切面看,苹果核果然显示出一个清晰的五角星状。我这一生不知吃过多少苹果,总是规规矩矩地按正确的切法把它们一切两半,却从未疑心过还有什么隐藏的图案我尚未发现!直到那一天,我孩子把这消息带回家来,才彻底改变了冥顽不化的我。

  无论是谁,第一次切“错”苹果,大凡都仅出于好奇,或由于疏忽所致。使我深深触动的是,这深藏其中,不为人知的图案竟具有如此巨大的魅力,它先从不知什么地方传到我儿子的幼儿园,接着便传给我,现在又传给你们大家。

  是的,如果你想知道什么叫创造力,往小处说,就是切——“错”的苹果。

1.给下面的多音字组词。

切 qiē(  )qiè(  )

便 biàn(  )pián(  )

2.在括号里填上恰当的量词。

一(  )小刀 一(  )苹果 一(  )星星 一(  )方法

3.为什么儿子切开苹果看到的是颗“星星”?是因为[ ]

A.儿子拿着的苹果里有颗星星。

B.儿子切苹果的角度跟以往的不同。

C.那颗星星是儿子放进去的。

4.“我”被儿子切苹果这件事“深深触动”是因为[ ]

A.我们常常忽略身边的小事。

B.我们从未想到在我们常常做的事情中可以有创新。

C.儿子超人的创造力让我惊叹。

5.根据短文内容,判断对错,对的打“√”,错的打 “×”。

①儿子真的将苹果切错了。(  )

②儿子并没有切错苹果。(  )

③每个苹果里都有一颗星星。(  )

④苹果核可以切成五角星状。(  )

6.这个故事告诉我们[ ]

A.有些事情并没有对错。

B.小孩子是有很大的创造力的。

C.只有勇于实践,才能有创造产生。

阅读理解

Saving the Planet with Earth-Friendly Bamboo Products

Jackie Heinricher’s love affair with bamboo started in her backyard. “As a child, I remember playing among the golden bamboo my dad had planted, and when there was a slight wind, the bamboos sounded really musical.”

A fisheries biologist, Heinricher, 47, planned to work in the salmon industry in Seattle, where she lived with her husband, Guy Thornburgh, but she found it too competitive. Then her garden gave her the idea for a business: She’d planted 20 bamboo forests on their seven-acre farm. 

Heinricher started Boo-Shoot Gardens in 1998. She realized early on what is just now beginning to be known to the rest of the world. It can be used to make fishing poles, skateboards, buildings, furniture, floors, and even clothing. An added bonus: Bamboo absorbs four times as much carbon dioxide as a group of hardwood trees and releases 35 percent more oxygen.

First she had to find a way to mass-produce the plants—a tough task, since bamboo flowers create seed only once every 50 to 100 years. And dividing a bamboo plant frequently kills it.

Heinricher appealed to Randy Burr, a tissue culture expert, to help her. “People kept telling us we’d never figure it out,” says Heinricher. “Others had worked on it for 27 years! I believed in what we were doing, though, so I just kept going.”

She was right to feel a sense of urgency. Bamboo forests are being rapidly used up, and a United Nations report showed that even though bamboo is highly renewable, as many as half of the world’s species are threatened with dying out. Heinricher knew that bamboo could make a significant impact on carbon emissions (排放) and world economies, but only if huge numbers could be produced. And that’s just what she and Burr figured out after nine years of experiments—a way to grow millions of plants. By placing cuttings in test tubes with salts, vitamins, plant hormones, and seaweed gel, they got the plants to grow and then raised them in soil in greenhouses.

Not long after it, Burr’s lab hit financial difficulties. Heinricher had no experience running a tissue culture operation, but she wasn’t prepared to quit. So she bought the lab.

Today Heinricher heads up a profitable multimillion-dollar company, working on species from all over the world and selling them to wholesalers. “If you want to farm bamboo, it’s hard to do without the young plants, and that’s what we have,” she says proudly.

56. What was the main problem with planting bamboo widely?

A. They didn’t have enough young bamboo.

B. They were short of money and experience.

C. They didn’t have a big enough farm to do it.

D. They were not understood by other people.

57. What does Heinricher think of bamboo?

A. Renewable and acceptable                                               B. Productive and flexible.

C. Useful and earth-friendly.                                  D. Strong and profitable.

58. The underlined word “renewable” in Paragraph 6 probably means “________”.

A. able to be replaced naturally                B. able to be raised difficultly

C. able to be shaped easily                    D. able to be recycled conveniently

59. What do you learn from the passage?

A. Heinricher’s love for bamboo led to her experiments in the lab.

B. Heinricher’s determination helped her to succeed in her work.

C. Heinricher struggled to prevent bamboo from disappearing.

D. Heinricher finally succeeded in realizing her childhood dream.