问题 问答题

化学与我们的生活密切相关,请根据题意回答.

(1)纳米材料氧化铝的化学式为______,足球烯碳60的化学式为______.

(2)维生素C广泛存在于蔬菜水果中.人体缺乏会患______(填序号).

①骨质疏松        ②坏血病        ③夜盲症

(3)市场上有一种加酶洗衣粉,能将衣服上汗渍、血迹及人体排放的蛋白质分解而除去.下列衣料不宜用加酶洗衣粉洗涤的是______(填序号).

①蚕丝织品        ②棉织品        ③化纤织品

衣物上的油污可用洗洁精除去,是因为洗洁精具有______功能.

答案

(1)氧化铝由铝、氧两种元素组成,书写化学式时要求金属在前非金属在后,保证元素化合价的代数和为0,所以化学式为Al2O3,足球烯是碳的单质,一个分子由60个原子构成,化学式为C60

(2)①钙是构成骨胳的主要元素之一,缺钙老年人会骨质疏松,所以错误; ②维生素C缺乏会患坏血病,所以正确; ③缺乏维生素A会患夜盲症,所以错误.

(3)加酶洗衣粉,能将衣服上汗渍、血迹及人体排放的蛋白质分解而除去,主要成分是蛋白质的制品都不能用加酶洗衣粉,①蚕丝织品主要成分是蛋白质,不能用加酶洗衣粉洗,②棉织品的主要成分是纤维素,③化纤织品的主要成分是合成纤维,二者可用加酶洗衣粉洗.

(4)洗洁精中含有乳化剂,有乳化作用,能把油污分解成细小的油滴除去.

故答案为:(1)Al2O3;C60;(2)②;(3)①;(4)乳化.

阅读理解

阅读理解

     Rarely have I experienced a reaction like that which came about following the idea of banning private

education.One of those who contacted me to disagree with the idea was 17 year old Anirudh Mandagere.

He got 10 As at GCSE and is currently studying English,French,Math and History at a private school in

Manchester.Here is his response:

     For me,the idea that all private schools should be banned is not only ridiculous and unrealistic,but goes

against the idea of  liberty. We must have the freedom to choose between statefunded  and  privately

educated  schools. If  parents pay taxes, surely  they should be able to choose whether they send their

children to a statefunded or a privatelyfunded school.

     The economic impacts of abolishing private education are vast.Banning private schools would obviously

contribute to a great transfer to state schools. Many state schools  are  already overburdened;do they

really need more pupils?Abolishing private education would lead to higher taxes for taxpayers since more

money would  be needed to educate the 7%  who were previously private educated. In the times of

economic crisis,should the taxpayer need to fork out more money to pay for their education?There would

also be a great rise in unemployment of the staff who works at private schools.

     It is noted that,in general,private schools have better grades at GCSE and A level than state schools.

Yet, why do people view this as a bad thing ? The higher private school grades eventually  force the

government to endlessly improve state education so that the middle classes do not totally abandon state

education for private education.This competition creates reform and progress within state schools and

eventually promote them!If the private schools did not exist,where would be the impetus for state school

improvement?

     Government should not simply ban a system which produces results.It should learn from it and use the

private education model as a basis for the state education model.Abolishing a successful system will not

help anybody,learning from a successful system will.

1.In the eye of Anirudh Mandagere,parents have the right to________.

A.criticize statefunded schools

B.pay taxes for the promotion of private schools

C.choose the way their children receive education

D.advocate the competition between state schools and private ones

2.According to the passage,banning private education will______.

A.obviously contribute to lower taxes

B.not cause the state schools to be overburdened

C.force the government to boost state education

D.lead to many people losing their jobs

3.The underlined word "impetus" in the fourth paragraph probably means________.

A.motivation  

B.prevention  

C.participation  

D.assessment

4.Compared with state schools,private ones________.

A.educate a little fewer students

B.conduct better than all state ones

C.are better received by the public

D.are more competitive on the whole

5.Which of the following statements will Anirudh Mandagere agree with?

A.His wonderful performance results from the education his private school offers.

B.Without the existence of private schools,state ones wouldn't get improved much.

C.Private education is a good system to make students successful in life.

D.Private schools are supposed to be sponsored more than state ones.

单项选择题