问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面文言文,完成后面小题。(17分)

孟子戴不胜:“子欲子之王善与?我明告子。有楚大夫于此,欲其子之齐语也,则使齐人傅诸?使楚人傅诸?”曰:“使齐人傅之。”曰:“一齐人傅之,众楚人咻之,虽日挞而求其齐也,不可得矣。引而置之庄岳之间数年,日挞而求其楚,亦不可得矣。子谓薛居州,善士也,使之居于王所。在于王所者,长、幼、卑、尊皆薛居州也,王谁与为不善?在王所者,长、幼、卑、尊皆非薛居州也,王谁与为善?一薛居州独如宋王何?

——选自《孟子·滕文公下》

注释:①善:向善。②齐语:名作动,说齐语。③傅:教导。④咻:xiū,喧哗。⑤庄岳:庄是街名,岳是里名。⑥薛居州:人名。⑦所:处所,地方。⑧独:可作“将”意。

小题1:解释下列加点字。(4分)

①孟子戴不胜曰    ②子欲子之王善  ③虽日而求其楚   ④使楚人傅诸

小题2:下面各句中加点的虚词,用法相同的一项是( )(3分)

A.一齐人傅,众楚人咻之 又间令吴广次所旁丛祠中

B.使之居王所皆以美徐公

C.日挞而求其齐也乘奔御风不以疾也

D.引置之庄岳之间数年呼尔与之小题3:翻译下面的句子。(6分)

①一薛居州,独如宋王何?

②莲之爱,同予者何人?(《爱莲说》)

③苟全性命于乱世,不求闻达于诸侯。(《出师表》)

小题4:文中表达了孟子什么观点?你同意他的观点吗?请结合生活实际谈谈你的看法。(4分)

答案

小题1:① 对……说  ② 同“欤”,语气词  ③ 鞭打  ④让,派遣

小题2:C

小题3:① 一个薛居州,又能把宋王怎么样呢?(如……何不翻译不得分)  

②  喜欢莲花的(对于莲花的喜爱),像我一样的还有谁呢?  

③只求在乱世中苟且保全性命,不想在诸侯中闻名显达。

小题4:(4分)孟子的观点是“近朱者赤,近墨者黑”(环境对一个人的影响是很大的。)。(1分)我同意XX的观点(1分),结合生活实际(1分),看法(1分)。  

【译文】孟子对戴不胜说:“你希望你的君王贤明吗?我明白告诉你。这里有位楚国官员,希望他的儿子会说齐国话,那么,找齐国人来教呢,还是找楚国人来教呢?”戴不胜回答道:“找齐国人来教。”孟子说:“一个齐国人来教他,很多楚国人干扰他,即使每天鞭打他要他说齐国话,也是不可能的。假如带他在庄、岳闹市区住上几年,即使每天鞭打他要他说楚国话,也是不可能的。你说薛居州是个很好的人,让他住在王宫中。如果在王宫里,年龄大的、年龄小的、地位低的、地位高的都是如薛居州那样的好人,那么君王同谁做不好的事呢?如果在王宫里,年龄大的、年龄小的、地位低的、地位高的都不是象薛居州那样的好人,那么君王同谁去做好事呢?一个薛居州,又能把宋王怎么样呢?”

小题1:

题目分析:此题考查学生对文言实词含义的理解和识记,要求学生对重点词语的解释进行重点识记。还要求学生对文章熟读,书读百遍,其义自现。注意“谓”对……说。“”,鞭打之意。注意识记。常常考到。

小题2:

题目分析:A项中的之字分别解释为:代词,他;到。B项中的于字分别解释为:在;比。C项中的虽字都解释为:即使。D项中的而字分别解释为:可不翻译;承接连词。故选B。

小题3:

题目分析:此题考查学生的阅读理解和翻译能力,要求学生多读文章,掌握文意,尤其是重点词的翻译。注意1句中的“如……何”。3句中“苟全”“于”的意思。

小题4:

题目分析:首先要知道孟子的观点是什么,近朱者赤,近墨者黑。表明观点,然后结合实例说明理由。

阅读理解

“Yes, madam, your husband ran into some trouble,” he replied. “They were caught in a heavy storm.” .Storms often cause trouble. When I was a baby, Dad had to spend long weeks at sea as a fisherman. One day, I suddenly began to cry loudly. No matter how Mom comforted me, I just kept crying. Mom felt uneasy. A feeling told her that something bad would happen. Then a word hit her----“Mayday”. Mom called the Coast Guard, asking the man on duty about my Dad and his ship.

Father and his crew radioed for help when water started pouring in his ship. We flew out there about an hour ago and dropped them a pump. “Take it easy. He will be back soon.” “What if the pump doesn’t work?” Mom questioned. “You should do another fly-over.” The man tried to comfort Mom, “He must be all right now, Mrs Hemingway, or we would have heard a radio signal from him.” “You haven’t got a Mayday?” “No, but we will let you know if we hear the radio signal.” Mom hung up.

I remained crying. Mom called the Coast Guard again. Finally, they said they would send out a rescue plane.

At midnight the phone rang. It was the Coast Guard. They had found my father and all his crew floating in sea 15miles off Jamaica. Dad’s ship had sunk, but fortunately all were safe.

“The pump they dropped didn’t work fast enough,” Dad said. “I radioed a Mayday, but I couldn’t get through.”

Dad didn’t get through to the Coast Guard because of the storm, but he got through to us. Really, there is something that can’t be seen but exists, as is said but can’t be explained, between us, the families. 

55. The underlined word “Mayday” in the first paragraph probably means “_________”.

A. a radio program                                        B. the signal for help   

C. the holiday in May                                           D. a sign of feeling sick

56. Why did the man on duty say the author’s father would return soon?

A. The pump they dropped was of high quality.

B. The author’s father called him and told him so.

C. The plane waited until the pump worked.

D. He thought no news was good news.

57. We can infer from the text that _________.

A. the man on duty in the Coast Guard was careless

B. the plane failed to find the ship which was in danger

C. the author’s father was in charge of the ship

D. the pump saved the author’s father finally

58. What may be the explanation for the author’s (as a baby) crying?

A. He might feel hungry in the evening

B. He might see something terrible in the room.

C. He might be afraid when left alone in room

D. He might have a feeling of uneasiness.

多项选择题 案例分析题