问题 计算题

如图所示,半径为a的圆环电阻不计,放置在垂直于纸面向里,磁感应强度为B的匀强磁场中,环内有一导体棒电阻为r,可以绕环匀速转动.将电阻R,开关S连接在环和棒的O端,将电容器极板水平放置,并联在R和开关S两端。已知两板间距为d。

(1)开关S断开,极板间有一带正电q,质量为m的微粒恰好静止,试判断OM的转动方向和角速度的大小.

(2)当S闭合时,该带电粒子以 g的加速度向下运动,则R是r的几倍?

答案

(1)OM应绕O点逆时针方向转动 (2)3

本题考查带电粒子在电场中的运动,导体棒切割磁感线产生的感应电动势为BRwR/2,电容器两端的电压为外电阻R两端电压,由此可求解本题

(1)由于粒子带正电,故电容器上极板为负极,根据右手定则,OM应绕O点逆时针方向转动.            2分

粒子受力平衡:mg=q ,E= Ba2ω.       2分

当S断开时,U=E,解得ω=.        2分

(2)当S闭合时,根据牛顿第二定律mg-q=m·g, 2分

U′=·R,解得=3.         2分

选择题
完形填空

A high school history teacher once told us, “If you make one close friend in school, you will be most fortunate. A true friend is someone who stays with you for life."_1_ teaches that he was right. Good friendship is just not easily _2_.

It is possible that we simply do not stay in one place long enough food _3_friendship to _4_. However, there can be_5_disagreement on the need for each of us to think carefully about the kind of friendship we want.

To most of us, friendships are considered very important, but we need to have clear in our _6_ the kinds of friendship we want. Are they to be close or _7_ at arm's length? Do we want to _8_ourselves or do we want to walk on the surface? For some people, many friendships on the surface are _9_enough—and that' s all right. But at some point we need to 10 that our expectations are the same as our friends' expectations. The sharing of_11_experience _12_ our tears as well as our dark dreams is the surest way to deepen friendships. But it _13_be undertaken(进行) slowly and carried on only if there are _14_of interest and action in return.

What are some of the _15_of friendship? The greatest is the attraction to expect too much too soon. Deep relationships _16_time. Another“major difficulty" is the selfishness to think one “possesses" the other, including his time and attention. Similarly, friendships _17_ actions in return. In 18words, you must give as much as you take. Finally there is a question of taking care of. Unless you spend _19_time together, talking on the phone, writing letters, doing things together, friendships will die _20_.

1. A. Knowledge        B. Teachers            C. Experience       D. Parents

2. A. understood         B. formed             C. realized         D. produced 

3. A. true               B. common           C. deeply           D. actual

4. A. design             B. intend             C. develop          D. appear 

5. A. no                B. some              C. any             D. none

6. A. hearts             B. thoughts            C. actions          D. minds 

7. A. remained          B. left                C. kept            D. stayed 

8. A. own               B. owe               C. share            D. spare 

9. A. that               B. very               C. quite            D. not

10. A. make sure         B. remember         C. expect           D. check out 

11. A. social            B. ordinary            C. good           D. personal 

12. A. includes          B. to include           C. including        D. included 

13. A. can              B. need               C. will            D. must 

14. A. marks            B. sights              C. scenes          D. signs 

15. A. difficulties        B. differences          C. advantages      D. things

16. A. cost             B. spend               C. ask            D. take 

17. A. require           B. request             C. depend         D. suggest 

18. A. some            B. many               C. other          D. different

19. A. reasonable        B. comfortable          C. less            D. a lot

20. A. for             B. away                C. out            D. from