问题 计算题

如图所示,半径为a的圆环电阻不计,放置在垂直于纸面向里,磁感应强度为B的匀强磁场中,环内有一导体棒电阻为r,可以绕环匀速转动.将电阻R,开关S连接在环和棒的O端,将电容器极板水平放置,并联在R和开关S两端。已知两板间距为d。

(1)开关S断开,极板间有一带正电q,质量为m的微粒恰好静止,试判断OM的转动方向和角速度的大小.

(2)当S闭合时,该带电粒子以 g的加速度向下运动,则R是r的几倍?

答案

(1)OM应绕O点逆时针方向转动 (2)3

本题考查带电粒子在电场中的运动,导体棒切割磁感线产生的感应电动势为BRwR/2,电容器两端的电压为外电阻R两端电压,由此可求解本题

(1)由于粒子带正电,故电容器上极板为负极,根据右手定则,OM应绕O点逆时针方向转动.            2分

粒子受力平衡:mg=q ,E= Ba2ω.       2分

当S断开时,U=E,解得ω=.        2分

(2)当S闭合时,根据牛顿第二定律mg-q=m·g, 2分

U′=·R,解得=3.         2分

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Once considered a fringe(非主流的)food by the U.S. culinary mainstream, sweet potatoes are

fast becoming popular everywhere from fast food chains to expensive restaurants and the White

House table.

    Three years ago, the "Wall Street Journal" wrote in a front page article that except for their use in

a Thanksgiving dish, sweet potatoes were a wholly uninteresting food. Yet over the past two years,

the number of restaurants offering a sweet potato-based side dish has increased 40 percent. Food

giant ConAgra just spent $155 million to open the world's first plant devoted entirely to frozen sweet

potato products, and U.S. farmers are planning to harvest a record-setting 2 billion pound crop.

    "It's not something we believe is a fashion,"said Andy Johnston of ConAgra Foods Lamb Weston.

    According to research conducted by ConAgra, 30 percent of sweet potato eaters report consuming

the vegetable several times per month. Only 12 percent eat them only during the Thanksgiving and

winter holiday season.

    Analysts attribute the sweet potato's growing popularity in large part is due to sweet potato fries,

which account for the majority of the vegetable's presence in U.S. restaurants. In fact, Google searches

for "sweet potato fries" increased 40 percent over the past year.

    Sweet potatoes have also become popular among more conscious eaters, however, in part because

they are high in vitamins and have a low glycemic (血糖的) index in spite of their sweetness. Both

Weight Watchers and the South Beach Diet have recommended sweet potatoes, roasted in a little oil

rather than fried, and doctors are recommending them for diabetics.

   "Within the diabetic community, it's become pretty common knowledge that sweet potatoes are good

for you, so there's a great appeal because so many people have diabetes now,"said Chef Michel Nischan, who helps host a TV show for people with diabetes.

1. From this reading passage we infer that ConAgra __________.

A. is one of the biggest food-making companies in the US

B. is one of the richest food-selling companies in the US

C. has asked American farmers to produce more sweet potatoes this year

D. has produced large quantities of sweet potato-based side dishes

2. According to the ConAgra research, the number of people who often eat sweet potatoes ________.

A. is increasing very quickly          

B. is not very big

C. is falling a little bit                

D. has nearly doubled

3. Which of the following may NOT encourage the sweet potato's popularity?

A. US restaurants recommend sweet potatoes to their customers as a vegetable.

B. Google searches show more and more people are becoming interested in sweet potatoes.

C. Sweet potatoes are rich in vitamins and low in glycemic index.

D. Sweet potatoes taste very sweet.

4. Chef Michel Nischan will certainly agree that _____________.

A. sweet potatoes should be fried

B. sweet potatoes should be roasted

C. sweet potatoes are good for diabetics

D. sweet potatoes can be made into many good dishes

单项选择题