问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文字,完成小题。(18分)

父亲不写信

①同学拿出家信给我看,一行亲切的字映入眼帘:“亲爱的孩子……”感动之余不禁想起了自己千里之外的父亲。父亲从来没给我写过信。

②父亲是个民办教师,在我的记忆中,我从来没有享受过在他臂弯里、脊背上撒娇的幸福。父爱,在我童年的回忆中一片空白。每当看到别的孩子在他们父亲怀里尽情玩闹时,我幼小的心里总有说不出的失落,但慢慢地我也习惯了这种弃儿般的生活。“父亲”仅仅意味着两个冷冰冰的汉字。他永远是威严的,话很少,冷峻的脸上很难见到笑容。他没打过我没骂过我也从没对我表示过一点亲昵,不表扬我不批评我也不约束我。我总感到自己和他很疏远,在他面前总是一阵阵的紧张,我怕他。由于怕,我总是有意地远离他。

③直到有一天,父亲打开啤酒给我也倒上一杯时,我才意识到,在他眼中我已经长大了。然而我们俩之间的话仍然很少,往往是他问一句,我答一句;他不问,我便不语。我们在一起常常是长时间的沉默,我隐隐感到一条无形的、深深的代沟已经横亘在我们父子之间了。

④我读高三那年,母亲去世了,本来就不大宽裕的家庭变得更紧巴了。偏偏那年我又没有考上大学,心情坏到了极点。父亲并没说我什么,只是话语更少了。一天中午,他忽然给了我一沓钱:“你去复读吧。”我奇怪他哪里来的钱,但终究没问他。后来才发现,那头跟了我们家多年的毛驴没了。从此父亲更加艰难地挑起了家里所有的担子,从那年起,他的白发我再也数不清了。

⑤我把泪咽进肚里,苦读了一年。一年后当我把通知书交到父亲手上时,他也并没有表现出太多的高兴,只记得他喝了许多酒,过后他看着地图自言自语地说:“兰州,到底远了点。”我分明看到他冷峻的脸上有了一丝难以掩饰的慈祥的伤感,但很快他便忙着给我打点行李,到处借学费去了。

⑥我临走时正赶上父亲要去市里的一所师范学校进修,他摆出一副满不在乎的样子,淡淡地笑了笑说:“到时候我就不送了,你自己去吧,大学生了,还能丢了吗?”我也笑一笑,但不知怎么了,还未开口应答鼻子却酸了。

⑦没想到在我走的前一天晚上,他却风尘仆仆地从百里之外赶了回来(这时他才去了两天):“老觉着不放心呢,回来看看,看看!”看着父亲那一头汗淋淋的灰发,泪,在我眼里打转。夜里,父亲说:“到了兰州给家里回句话。”我应着。沉默了一阵子,他又说:“用钱就言语一声,一个人在外头,别舍不得吃舍不得穿,让人家瞧不起,家里怎么也好对付……”

⑧我没让父亲送我,一个人登上了西去的列车。二十年了,当我第一次离开家,才真正懂了父亲——那是平静水波深处的激流啊!

⑨大学里我常给父亲写信,告诉他我生活得很好,告诉他学校里的一切。没别的,我只想让他高兴,让他知道儿子没有忘记他。父亲从不给我写信,我理解他,他是个不善表露感情的人,再说他也很忙。寒假回到家,邻居对我说:“你每来一封信,你爸就乐得像个孩子似的,给这个看给那个看。”蓦地,我心头一震!

⑩妹妹来信说:“哥,爸爸每天看完新闻联播总要看兰州的天气预报,他整天看石家庄至兰州的铁路线。我说:‘爸爸,您老惦记着哥吗?’他说:‘不惦记,你哥这孩子,让人放心……’”

泪光中,我又看见了父亲那冷峻的面孔。父亲,您这句话顶得上千万封信了。

小题1:读第②段,说说“我”为什么总感到自己和父亲“很疏远”。(4分)

小题2:第⑤段中写“他冷峻的脸上有了一丝难以掩饰的慈祥的伤感”,结合上下文,谈谈你对这句话的理解。(4分)

小题3:第⑧段中画线句子的含意是什么?“我”对父亲的这种认识是通过哪些具体的事例得出来的?(6分)

小题4:结尾“这句话顶得上千万封信”与文章开头的哪句话相照应?为什么说“你哥这孩子,让人放心”这句话“顶得上千万封信”?(4分)

答案

小题1:①没有享受过父爱(或:从来没有享受过在父亲臂弯里、脊背上撒娇的幸福);②父亲威严、冷峻,话很少;③父亲从来没有对“我”表示过一点亲昵(或:他没打过“我”没骂过“我”也从没对“我”表示过一点亲昵,不表扬“我”不批评“我”也不约束“我”)。

小题2:为儿子考上大学而欣慰,为儿子即将远离自己而伤感,这是不善于表达而又难以掩饰的父爱的流露。

小题3:在父亲冷峻的外表下有对“我”深深的爱。①给儿子倒酒;②卖驴让儿子复读;③儿子考上大学后他喝酒,看着地图自言自语;④给儿子打点行李,借学费;⑤专门赶回来送儿子;⑥深情叮嘱。

小题4:父亲从来没给我写过信。”因为父子间有深刻的理解和信任(或:因为父亲对儿子的理解与信任,儿子对父爱的理解与感激)。

题目分析:

小题1:抓住自己小时候对父亲的印象和心理感受概括。

题目分析:

小题2:注意这个细节描写是在自己拿到大学录取通知书,但还没离开家时父亲的表现。联系后文看,实际上父亲对儿子十分牵挂,所以欣慰中有伤感。

题目分析:

小题3:注意前文有关交代父亲默默无言的行为举止和不多的表示关心的言语。

题目分析:

小题4:从父亲和儿子两个方面思考这句话蕴含的感情。注意除了互相理解和信任外,还有儿子的感激之情。

单项选择题

The collapse of Enron, the largest bankruptcy in American history, has rung out a banner year for American business failures. In Europe, the fallout from the Swissair and Sabena insolvencies continues. In the current global slump, more companies are likely to go under. Now is a perfect time to reconsider how to handle such failures: let them sink, or give them a chance to swim

In America, bankruptcy has come to mean a second chance for bust businesses. The famous "Chapter 11" law aims to give a company time to get back on its feet, by shielding it from debt payments and prodding banks to negotiate with their debtor. It even allows an insolvent company to receive fresh finance after it goes bust. On the other side of the Atlantic, when companies stumble, almost as much effort is spent in fingering the guilty as in trying to salvage a viable business. British and French laws, for example, can make a failing company’s directors face criminal penalties and personal liability. Moreover, bankers have the power, at the first sign of trouble, to push a company into the arms of the receivers. Some modest changes are afoot, however. Britain is considering moves that would bring its rules closer to America’s. New laws in Germany should also make it easier to revive sick companies, although trade unions still have their say.

But even with the arrival of the euro and moves towards a single financial market, going bust in Europe is a strictly local affair. Long before America had a single currency, the American constitution provided uniform bankruptcy laws, observes Elizabeth Warren of the Harvard Law School. Europe’s patchwork of national laws, according to Bill Brandt of " Development Specialists", a consultancy, inhibits lending and makes it difficult to fix ailing firms.

Transatlantic insolvencies are even harder, as a Belgian-based software company, Lernout and Hauspie, discovered this year. Its American reorganization plan was thwarted by a Belgian judge, who ordered a sale of the firm’s assets. As the European Union inches toward greater harmonization, should it try to mimic America

Critics of Chapter 11 think not. They argue that America’s bankruptcy system is wasteful, lets failed managers go unpunished, and gives some companies an unfair advantage. In Chapter 11, admittedly, lawyers and advisers gobble up fees, but a recent study argues that the fees are no larger than those for most mergers and acquisitions. One common complaint, that managers enjoy the high life while creditors go begging, fails to stand up to the data from America’s previous wave of bankruptcies in the early 1990s. Stuart Gilson of the Harvard Business School found that more than two-thirds of top managers were ousted within two years of a bankruptcy filing. More troubling is that some American firms seem to enjoy second and third trips to bankruptcy court, cheekily termed Chapters 22 and 33. Some see this as evidence that, ton often, they use Chapter 11 to keep running. But there is more to the story.

The last paragraph is mainly()

A. to accuse the lawyers and advisers of making big money by helping those insolvent companies

B. to introduce the changes of the bankruptcy law—Chapter 11

C. to prove the accusation is groundless that the managers of bust businesses lead a comfortable life at the cost of creditors

D. to argue that the European Union should not follow the American example in their effort to revive sick companies

判断题