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问题 单项选择题 A1/A2型题

关于脊髓灰质炎病毒，正确的是（）

A.可导致先天性感染

B.吸血昆虫传播

C.侵犯脊髓后角神经细胞

D.可引起神经系统病变

E.泌尿生殖道传播

答案

参考答案：D

解析：脊髓灰质炎病毒通过粪－口途径感染人体，侵犯脊髓前角运动神经细胞，导致弛缓性麻痹，多见于儿童，又称小儿麻痹症。

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A Recent Erymology of the Word "Culture"“文化”一词的新词源
Look in an old dictionary—say, a pre-1960 Webster’s—and you’ll likely find a definition of culture (1) looks something like this: "1．The cultivation of soil. 2．The raising, improvement, or development of some plant, animal (2) product. " This use of the word has its roots in the ancient Latin word cultura, "cultivation" or "tending," and (3) entrance into the English language had begun by the year 1430. By the time the Webster’s definition above was (4) , another definition had begun to take precedence over the old Latin denotation; culture was coming to mean "the training, (5) , and refinement of mind, tastes, and manners" (Oxford English Dictionary). The OED traces this definition, which today we associate (6) the phrase "high culture," back as far as 1805; by the middle of the 20th century, it was (7) becoming the word’s primary definition.
However, if you try a more modem source, like the American Heritage English Dictionary, (8) find a primary definition of culture which is substantially different than either of the two given above: "The totality (9) socially transmitted behavior patterns, arts, beliefs, institutions, and all other products of human work and thought. " Why such a (10) , and in such a (relatively) short period of time Well, in the past 40 years, the use of the (11) "culture" has been heavily influenced by the academic fields of sociology and cultural anthropology. These fields have gradually brought (12) was once a minor definition of culture (the last of eight definitions given in the old 1958 Webster’s quoted (13) ) into the mainstream.
It is easy to imagine how the US society which was so focused on "socially transmitted (14) patterns" in the sixties would come to need a word to describe the object of its interest. The civil (15) movement during this era brought everyone’s attention to bear on cultural differences within US society, while the Vietnam War (16) to emphasize the position of the US culture in relation to other world cultures.
Over time, these new uses (17) the word culture have eclipsed its older meanings, those associated with cultivation of the land and the production of (18) . You might say that an aspect of US culture over the past 40 years is its fascination with the (19) of culture itself—a fascination which has brought about many changes in the way we speak and the (20) of words which we commonly use.

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单项选择题

下列关于二氧化碳灭火器使用说法错误的是（）。

A.使用时，如果没有戴防护手套，不要用手直接握喷筒或金属管，以防冻伤

B.在室外使用时应选择下风向

C.在狭小空间内灭火时，灭火后应迅速撤离

D.扑救室内火灾时，应先打开门窗通风，然后人再进入，以防窒息
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