问题 选择题

下列有关人口增长的说法错误的是(  )

A.近年来,我国及世界的人口增长速度越来越快

B.人口倍增期越短,说明人口增长速度越快

C.单位时间内人口增长速度与出生率.死亡率相关

D.我国属于低生育率国家,所以我国的人口状况不严峻

答案

A、公元1800年以前,世界人口增长得相当缓慢,此后世界人口进入迅速增长的时期.到1999年10月12日,世界人口总数已突破了60亿大关.目前,世界人口仍以较快的速度在持续增长.我国近几年人口增长速度也较快,2003年底,我国总人口为13.22亿,约占世界人口总数的21.2%,不符合题意.

B、人口倍增期就是人口数量成倍增长的那个时期,人口倍增期越短,人口增长速度越快,不符合题意.

C、一个地方的人口出生率减去死亡率就是当地的人口增长率;近几十年来,随着经济发展,医疗卫生水产提高,人口死亡率降低,人口增长速度大大加快;

一般来说,经济发展水平高的国家,人口的自然增长较慢;经济发展水平低的国家,人口的自然增长较快.不符合题意.

D、1990年人口普查后,所有的人口调查都表明总和生育率急剧地下降到更替水平以下.几次调查和国家统计局1995年抽样调查、2000年人口普查,无一例外地表明1991年后,我国妇女总和生育率又从1.9迅速降到1.3左右,其中2000年普查前一年为1.22.上世纪90年代初期以后,我国官方宣布已进入低生育率阶段,计生主管部门曾宣布我国妇女的生育率为1.8.

但我国人口的急剧增长,社会经济的迅速发展,给资源和环境造成了空前的压力,也给人类的生存和发展带来了一系列的问题.为了供养越来越多的人口,人们大规模地砍伐森林、开垦草原和开采矿产,在许多地方导致了水土流失和土地荒漠化,造成了工业污染,引发了各种灾害,结果使人类的生存环境面临严重威胁.人口增长过多过快,给社会经济发展造成很大压力,使居民的就业、居住、教育、医疗等问题难以解决,所以我国的人口状况还很严峻.符合题意.

故选:D

单项选择题

Many years ago, when I was fresh out of school and working in Denver, I was driving to my parents’ home in Missouri for Christmas. I stopped at a gas station(加油站) about 50 miles from Oklahoma City, where I was planning to stop and visit a friend. While I was standing inline at the cash register, I said hello to an older couple who were also paying for gas.
I took off, but had gone only a few miles when black smoke poured from the back of my car. I stopped and wondered what I should do. A car pulled up behind me. It was the couple I had spoken to at the gas station. They said they would take me to my friend’s home. We chatted on the way into the city, and when I got out of the car, the husband gave me his business card.
I wrote him and his wife a thank-you note for helping me. Soon afterward, I received a Christmas present from them. Their note that came with it said that helping me had made their holidays meaningful.
Years later, I drove to a meeting in a nearby town in the morning. In late afternoon I returned to my car and found that I’d left the lights on all day, and the battery was dead. Then I noticed that the Friendly Ford dealership—a shop selling cars was right next door. I walked over and found two salesmen in the showroom.
"Just how friendly is Friendly Ford" I asked and explained my trouble. They quickly drove a pickup truck to my car and started it. They would accept no payment, so when I got home, I wrote them a note to say thanks. I received a letter back from one of the salesmen. No one had ever taken the time to write him and say thank you, and it meant a lot, he said.
"Thank you" are two powerful words. They’re easy to say and mean so much.

The battery of the author’s car was dead because ______.

A.something went wrong with the lights
B.the meeting lasted a whole day
C.he forgot to turn off the lights
D.he drove too long a distance

单项选择题 A1型题