问题 阅读理解

The first time Luca heard the Island of Inventions, he was very young, but the wonders he heard about sounded so unbelievable to him that they were forever kept in his memory. Since then, he never stopped searching clues which might lead him to that place of wonder. He read widely to collect information.

Taking a little from here and there, he got quite a clear idea of what the Island was really like. It was a secret place, where all the great men learn and invent together. To be able to join that select club, you had to have created great inventions. Only then could you receive the invitation.

To get a chance, Luca spend the years studying and inventing. Every new idea he got, he made it into an invention, and if there were anything he didn’t understand, he would seek help. Soon he met other brilliant inventors too, and he told them of the secrets of the Island. These young inventors would likewise dream of being sent “the letter”.

As time passed, the disappointment of not being sent the letter gave rise to even greater cooperation and help between them. Their inventions soon became known throughout the world.

But no invention came.

They didn’t lose heart. They continued learning and inventing, trying to come up with better ideas. Fresh talent was added to their group. One day, Luca, already very old, was speaking with a brilliant young man who had written to join their group. Luca told the young man the secrets of the Island, and of how he was sure that they would receive an invitation. Surprised, the young inventor said: “What? You mean this isn’t really the Island of Inventions?”

It inspired Luca and he realized that his dream had become true.

小题1:Luca read widely to ________.

A.get information about the great inventions

B.get clear ideas about the island for vacations

C.seek massages about the secret club of inventions

D.get more knowledge for the benefit of his inventions小题2:Luca and other brilliant inventors around him shared a dream of _______.

A.being great inventors of worldwide fame

B.being accepted as members of the Island of Inventions

C.being inventors envied by members of the Island of Inventions

D.being remembered for the contribution to scientific development小题3:What is the effect of their not being given “the letter”?

A.They were disappointed, while it encouraged them to work harder.

B.They became desperate and decided to have another way of living.

C.They changed their strategy and promote their inventions publicly.

D.They gave up their dream while continued their inventions together.

答案

小题1:C

小题2:B

小题3:A

填空题
探究题

李明小组在“探究影响塑料刻度尺形变的因素”中选用一长50cm的刻度尺,将其一端固定在桌边上,研究力的三要素,

(1)即力的大小、___________和___________对力的作用效果的影响。

(2)(一)实验中,在研究力的大小对形变的影响时,李明在塑料尺的同一点、用手沿竖直向下方向施加不同大小的力.物理学中把这种研究问题的方法叫“控制变量法”,下列四个研究实例中,应用到这一方法的是_______

A.可从物体发生形变或运动状态发生改变来判断物体受到力的作用

B.探究压力作用效果时,先保持受力面积相同研究压力对作用效果的影响,再保持压力不变研究受力面积对作用效果的影响

C.测量木块受到桌面的摩擦力时,用弹簧秤沿水平方向匀速拉动木块,弹簧秤的示数等于木块受到的摩擦力

D.探究阻力对物体运动的影响时,根据实验得出“小车受到的阻力越小,小车运动的路程越长”的实验事实,设想小车在绝对光滑水平面上运动,小车将一直做匀速运动

(3)(二) 实验中,李明发现沿竖直向下方向作用在同一点的力越大,塑料尺弯曲得越_________(选填“大”或“小”).他们对这一现象产生了浓厚的兴趣,课后用弹簧对“影响弹簧形变大小的因素”进行定量研究.对此研究问题他们提出以下猜想:

猜想1:弹簧形变大小可能跟外力的大小成正比;

猜想2:弹簧形变大小可能跟弹簧的横截面积成反比;

………

(4)为验证猜想1,李明应选用以下实验器材中的哪些进行实验_______

(A)一根长约10cm的弹簧; (B) 几个长度、横截面积、制造材料均不相同的弹簧; (C) 刻度尺; (D) 天平; (E)量筒; (F) 铁架台; (G)质量均为100g的小钩码7个。

(5)李明用如图所示装置验证猜想1.他先测出不挂钩码时弹簧下端指针所指的标尺刻度,然后在弹簧下端挂上钩码(每个钩码质量100g),并逐个增加钩码,测出指针所指的标尺刻度,所得数据列表如下:(g=10N/kg)

① 物理学中,常用“伸长量”来表示弹簧形变的大小,伸长量定义为弹簧受到拉力时的长度与自由伸长(即不受作用力)时长度的差值。根据伸长量的定义填写上表中空格。

② 根据所测数据,在坐标纸上作出弹簧伸长量x与拉力F的关系图像。

③根据所测得的数据和图像,能够验证猜想1吗?请你利用实验数据和图像进行分析论证,写出实验结论.

(6)对李明提出的问题,除了他的猜想外,请你再提出一个猜想。