问题 问答题

读“地上河”示意图,回答问题:

(1)“地上河”位于黄河哪个河段?

(2)简述“地上河”的成因.

(3)“地上河”有什么危害?怎样预防灾害的发生?

答案

(1)“地上河”位于黄河上游河段;

(2)黄河中游段水位落差大,这里有著名的壶口瀑布和三门峡.沿途接纳了汾河、渭河等来自黄土高原上的重要支流,水量大增,同时也带来大量泥沙.黄河下游游荡在华北平原上,河床宽坦,水流缓慢,泥沙大量淤积,使河床平均高出两岸地面4~5米,成为举世闻名的“地上河”;

(3)泥沙的大量淤积使黄河下游河床不断提升,两岸地区每逢汛期便面临着洪水的威胁.长期以来,人们采取修筑堤防的方式来约束洪水,致使河床与两岸地面的高差越来越大.历史上黄河下游曾多次决口泛滥,给华北平原地区的人民带来了沉重的灾难.建国以来,对黄河进行了综合治理.一方面在上、中游,特别是黄土高原地区,大力开展水土保持工作,控制水土流失,减少泥沙下泄;另一方面在下游修堤筑坝,加固黄河大堤.这样,对确保黄河下游两岸人民生命财产安全起到了很大作用.

故答案为:(1)“地上河”位于黄河上游河段;(2)黄河中游段水位落差大,这里有著名的壶口瀑布和三门峡.沿途接纳了汾河、渭河等来自黄土高原上的重要支流,水量大增,同时也带来大量泥沙.黄河下游游荡在华北平原上,河床宽坦,水流缓慢,泥沙大量淤积,使河床平均高出两岸地面4~5米,成为举世闻名的“地上河”;(3)泥沙的大量淤积使黄河下游河床不断提升,两岸地区每逢汛期便面临着洪水的威胁.长期以来,人们采取修筑堤防的方式来约束洪水,致使河床与两岸地面的高差越来越大.历史上黄河下游曾多次决口泛滥,给华北平原地区的人民带来了沉重的灾难.建国以来,对黄河进行了综合治理.一方面在上、中游,特别是黄土高原地区,大力开展水土保持工作,控制水土流失,减少泥沙下泄;另一方面在下游修堤筑坝,加固黄河大堤.这样,对确保黄河下游两岸人民生命财产安全起到了很大作用.

阅读理解

阅读与回答问题(5小题, 每题2分,共10分)

Do you feel lonely when your best friend isn’t around? Of course, yes. Here’s our advice to you—and to all kids who feel lonely sometimes.

You may feel lonely at break or lunchtime when a best friend isn’t around—maybe because he or she moved to a different school or a different class. You want to have new friends, but how do you make them? Maybe it seems everybody else already has his or her friends. But remember, there’s always room for more friends.

Start by looking around your classroom—think about which kids you’d like to play with at break. Look for chances to say hi to them, smile, and be friendly. Offer to share something or express your appreciation (欣赏) to them. Invite someone to play with you or say, “Do you want to sit here?” in the lunchroom. When you’re at break, walk over to kids you want to play with, act friendly, and say “Hi, can I play, too?” or just join in.

If you have trouble doing this or if you’re feeling shy, ask your teacher to help you make new friends. Teachers are usually pretty good at matching up friends. The best way to make friends is to be a friend. Be kind, be friendly, share, say nice things, offer to help ---and pretty soon, you’ll have one, or two, or even more new friends.

You might still miss that special best friend. But when you see each other, you can share something you didn’t have before he or she left. You can introduce him or her to your new friends!

小题1: How do you feel when your best friend isn’t around you according to the passage?

 

小题2: Why do some kids feel lonely at break according to the writer?

小题3: What is the best way to make friends according to the writer?

小题4: Why do some kids need help from teachers to make friends according to the writer?

小题5: What should you do if you want to make more friends? (请自拟一句话作答)

 

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