问题 综合

铁路是城市之间的纽带。阅读下列材料回答问题。

材料1:京沪铁路长度仅为全国铁路营运线的2%,却承担着全国10.2%的铁路客运量和7.2%的货物周转量,其运输密度是全国铁路平均水平的4倍,但目前运能缺口仍高达50%以上,严重制约了沿线经济的发展。

材料2:我国东南沿海铁路的重要组成部分,连接福建、广东的便捷铁路通道―厦(门)深(圳)铁路广东段正式开工建设。厦深铁路预计于2011年底建成通车,届时从深圳到厦门运行只需3小时。

材料3:我国东南沿海铁路分布示意图

材料4:第六次铁路大提速于2007年4月18日正式实施,预计提速后铁路客运能力增加18%,货运能力增加12%。

(1)图中A、B表示的铁路线分别是________、________。

(2)厦深铁路连接了________、________和_______三个经济特区。

(3)分析说明京沪线的铁路运输密度4倍于全国平均水平的原因。

(4)简述铁路实施大提速的重大意义。

答案

(1)浙赣线京九线

(2)厦门汕头深圳

(3)南北连接两大城市群,沿线地区经济发达,客货流量大(或沿线经过东部经济发达地带,客货流量大)。

(4)提高铁路运输能力;缓解交通运输压力;提高铁路运输部门的经济效益;促进沿线地区社会经济的快速发展。

本题考查我国铁路的分布、铁路建设的区位因素及意义等知识。第(l)题,根据A、B铁路的分布和经过的重要城市可知A为浙赣线、B为京九线。第(2)题,读图即可得出答案。第(3)题,京沪铁路经过的地区经济发达,人口稠密,客货流量大。第(4)题,提速主要是为了提高铁路的运输能力,缓解交通运输压力、带动沿线地区经济的发展。

单项选择题

There is no question that the academic enterprise has become increasingly global, particularly in the sciences. Nearly three million students now study outside their home countriesa 57% increase in the last decade. Foreign students now dominate many U.S. doctoral programs, accounting for 64% of Ph. D. s in computer science, for example.
Faculty members are on the move, too. Half of the world’s top physicists no longer work in their native countries. And major institutions such as New York University are creating branch campuses in the Middle East and Asia. There are now 162 satellite campuses worldwide, an increase of 43% in just the past three years.
At the same time, growing numbers of traditional source countries for students from South Korea to Saudi Arabia (沙特阿拉伯), are trying to improve both the quantity and quality of their own degrees, engaging in a fierceand expensiverace to recruit students and create world-class research universities of their own.
Such competition has led to considerable hand-wringing in the West. During a 2008 campaign stop, for instance, then—candidate Barack Obama expressed alarm about the threat that such academic competition poses to U. S. competitiveness. Such concerns are not limited to the United States. In some countries, worries about educational competition and brain drains have led to academic protectionism. India, for instance, places legal and bureaucratic barriers in front of Western universities that want to set up satellite campuses to enroll local students.
Perhaps some of the anxiety over the new global academic enterprise is understandable, particularly in a period of massive economic uncertainty. But educational protectionism is as big a mistake as trade protectionism is. The globalization of higher education should be embraced, not fearedincluding in the United States. There is every reason to believe that the worldwide competition for human talent, the race to produce innovative research, the push to extend university campuses to multiple countries, and the rush to train talented graduates who can strengthen increasingly knowledge-based economies will be good for the United States, as well.

A satellite campus is probably a branch campus that a university sets up ______.

A. in developed countries
B. in another country
C. inside another university
D. on the Internet

填空题