问题 选择题

历史学家认为“17世纪后期科学革命的胜利为启蒙运动提供了先决条件。”据此判断启蒙运动在思想方面的先驱者是( )

A.达尔文

B.牛顿

C.爱因斯坦

D.法拉第

答案

答案:B

题目分析:达尔文和法拉第是l9世纪的科学家,应排除。爱因斯坦是20世纪的科学家.因此ACD均不符合题意。牛顿是17世纪的科学家,牛顿的经典力学打破了神主宰世界的迷信。以纯粹的规律来支配世界,这激发了人们对于人类理性的追求。这种对于理性的追求与痴迷正是启蒙运动得以发起的思想上的重要原因。牛顿的那个时代被人们称为“理性主义”时代为启蒙运动准备了先决条件。故选B。

点评:近代科学是在近代人的精神的解放的基础上产生的,以牛顿的经典力学和达尔文的进化论为主要的代表,它的产生有打击了神创学说,进一步解放人们的思想,推动了启蒙运动的到来。与此相关的知识点如近代科学的其它成就也需要掌握。

阅读理解

A taxi hit a truck. A policeman spoke to the taxi driver and to the truck driver. He also spoke to Tom. He was a witness . This is what they said.

TRUCK DRIVER: I was driving from the airport to Newton. A car crossed the road, so I slowed down. I did not stop. A taxi hit the back of my truck. Nobody was badly hurt but both cars were damaged.

TAXI DRIVER: I was driving behind a truck a few kilometers from Newton. The truck stopped suddenly. The driver did not give me a warning. I was driving very slowly. I could not pass the truck because there were two cars coming near from Newton. My taxi hit the truck, and some glass cut my left hand.

TOM: I was watching the traffic about a kilometer from the airport. A truck was going to Newton. It was not going very quickly. There was a taxi about two hundred meters behind the truck. It was going fast. When the truck slowed down, the taxi hit it. The taxi driver was not looking at the truck. He was looking out of the window at something. My friend saw the accident, too.

Tom's friend spoke to the policeman and agreed with Tom.

小题1:How many people are mentioned in the story?

A.Three.

B.Four.

C.Five.

D.Six.小题2:The truck was going______.

A.to Newton

B.to the police station

C.to the airport

D.home小题3:From the story, we know______didn’t tell the truth.

A.the truck driver

B.Tom

C.the taxi driver

D.Tom's friend小题4:In fact, Tom's friend was also a ______ .

A.witness

B.driver

C.policeman

D.cleaner小题5:What's the best title for this passage?

A.A Taxi Driver

B.A Traffic Accident

C.A Story of Tom

D.A Truck Driver

单项选择题