问题 问答题

已知:

A与芳香族化合物B在一定条件下反生成C,进一步反应生成抗氧化剂阿魏酸(见下图)

A的相对分子质量是104,1molA与足量NaHCO3溶液反应生成2mol气体. (1)A的分子式是______,阿魏酸的结构简式为______.

(2)B可能发生的反应是______(填序号)

a、氧化反应     b、水解反应    c、加成反应     d、酯化反应

(3)等物质的量C分别与足量的Na、NaHCO3、NaOH反应时消耗Na、NaHCO3、NaOH的物质的量之比是______.

(4)反应①的化学方程式为______.

(5)写出符合下列条件的阿魏酸所有的同分异构体的结构简式:______.

①在苯环上只有两个取代基

②在苯环上的一氯取代物只有两种

③1mol该同分异构体与足量NaHCO3反应生成2mol CO2气体.

答案

由反应信息RCHO+CH2(COOH)2 

一定条件
RCH=C(COOH)2+H2O可知,形成C的物质分别为CH2(COOH)2

,A的相对分子质量是104,1molA与足量NaHCO3溶液反应生成2mol气体,B含有醛基,所以A为CH2(COOH)2,B为

,C的分子式为C11H10O6,阿魏酸的分子式为C10H10O4,分子组成减少1个CO2,由反应信息RCH=C(COOH)2 

一定条件
RCH=CHCOOH+CO2↑可知,阿魏酸的结构简式为

(1)通过以上分析知,A为CH2(COOH)2,其分子式为:C3H4O4,阿魏酸的结构简式为

故答案为:C3H4O4,阿魏酸的结构简式为

(2)B是

,含有酚羟基,可以发生取代反应、氧化反应、酯化反应,能与氯化铁发生显色反应,含有醛基,可以发生氧化反应、还原反应、加成反应,含有苯环可以发生加成反应,故选acd;

(3)由C的结构可知,1molC中含有2mol-COOH、1mol酚羟基-OH、1molC=C,羧基、羟基与钠反应,1molC可以消耗3molNa,

羧基与碳酸氢钠反应,1molC需要2molNaHCO3

羧基、酚羟基与氢氧化钠反应,1molC需要3molNaOH,

故等物质的量的C分别与足量的Na、NaHCO3、NaOH反应时消耗反应时消耗Na、NaHCO3、NaOH的物质的量之比为 3mol:2mol:3mol=3:2:3,

故答案为:3:2:3;

(4)在一定条件下,A和B反应生成C,反应方程式为:

故答案为:

(5)阿魏酸的同分异构体符合下列条件:

①在苯环上只有两个取代基;

②在苯环上的一氯取代物只有两种,说明两个取代基处于对位位置,且两个取代基不同或者两个取代基处于邻位位置,且两个取代基相同,

③1mol该同分异构体与足量NaHCO3反应生成2mol CO2气体,含有2个-COOH,

所以符合条件的阿魏酸的同分异构体结构简式分别为:

故答案为:

单项选择题
阅读理解

A programmer and an engineer are sitting next to each other on a long flight from Los Angeles to New York.The programmer leans over to the engineer and asks if he would like to play a fun game.The engineer just wants to take a nap, so he politely declines and rolls over to the window to catch a few winks.

The programmer persists and explains that the game is really easy and has a lot of fun.He explains, "I ask you a question, and if you don't know the answer, you pay me $5.Then you ask me a question, and if I don't know the answer, I'll pay you $5." Again, the engineer politely refuses and tries to get to sleep.

The programmer, now somewhat anxious, says, "OK, if you don't know the answer you pay me $5, and if I don't know the answer, I'll pay you $50!" This catches the engineer's attention, and he sees no end to this torment(折磨) unless he plays, so he agrees to the game.

The programmer asks the first question."What's the distance from the earth to the moon?'' The engineer doesn't say a word, but reaches into his wallet, pulls out a five dollar bill and hands it to the programmer.Now, it's the engineer's turn.He asks the programmer, "What goes up a hill with three legs, and comes down on four?" The programmer looks up at him with a puzzled look.He takes out his laptop computer and searches all of his references.After about an hour, he wakes the engineer and hands him $50.The engineer politely takes the $50 and turns away to try to get back to sleep.The programmer, more than a little angry, shakes the engineer and asks, "Well, so what's the answer?" Without a word, the engineer reaches into his wallet, hands the programmer $5, and turns away and goes back to sleep.

小题1:What's the best title for the passage?

A.A Boring Conversation

B.A Fun Game

C.A Trick During The Flight

D.A Question Without Answer小题2:What kind of person is the programmer according to what he said?

A.Confident.

B.Selfish.

C.Greedy.

D.Generous.小题3:What can we infer according to the last sentence?

A.The engineer has little money with him.

B.Actually the engineer doesn't know the answer, either.

C.The engineer is bored with programmer.

D.The engineer beats the programmer at last.小题4:Which is NOT true according to the passage?

A.In the beginning the engineer is not interested in the game.

B.The engineer is too sleepy to want to play the game.

C.At last the engineer gains $45 from the programmer.

D.Nobody knows the answer to the engineer's question.