问题 综合题

(12分)阅读下列材料:

材料一  “我不知道世人对我是怎样看法,但是在我看来,我不过象一个在海滨玩耍的孩子,为时而发现一块比平常光滑的石子或美丽的贝壳而感到高兴;但那浩瀚的真理之海洋,却还在我的面前未曾发现呢?” 

——牛顿

材料二 德国著名的物理学家普朗克年轻时曾向他的老师表示要献身于理论物理学,老师劝他说:“年轻人,物理学是一门已经完成了的科学,不会再有多大的发展了,将一生献给这门学科,太可惜了。” 19世纪理论物理学达到了巅峰状态,但其中也隐含着巨大的危机。海王星的发现显示出牛顿力学无比强大的理论威力,电磁学与力学的统一使物理学显示出一种形式上的完整,并被誉为“一座庄严雄伟的建筑体系和动人心弦的美丽的庙堂”。在人们的心目中,古典物理学已经达到了近乎完美的程度。

材料三  两位决定时代发展的科学家和他们的成果

                        

 

材料四

请回答:

(1)材料一指出“牛顿为发现一块比平常光滑的石子或美丽的贝壳而感到高兴”,结合所学知识说明牛顿发现了哪些“光滑的石子和美丽的贝壳”(2分)

(2)材料二告诉我们,19世纪近乎完美的经典物理学也“隐含着巨大的危机”,普朗克是如何解决这个难题的?(2分)

(3)材料三认为“两位科学家决定时代发展”。这种观点对不对?说明理由。(5分)

(4)材料四反映的QQ场景是哪一种信息技术迅速发展的表现?主要影响有哪些?(3分)

答案

(1)物体运动三大定律、万有引力定律;(2分)

(2)提出了量子假说;(2分)

(3)对。(1分)瓦特改良研制成“万能蒸汽机”,使人类社会进入“蒸汽时代”;(2分)

法拉第发现电磁感应现象;使人类社会进入电气时代。(2分)

(4)互联网;(1分)

影响:人类进入信息时代;极大地改变了人们的生活方式等。(任意两点)(2分)

题目分析:

(1)本题考查了牛顿经典力学体系的内容。旨在考查学生再认、再现所学知识答题的能力。由设问中的“牛顿发现”可知这应为牛顿经典力学体系。根据所学可知:牛顿经典力学体系包括物体运动三大定律和万有引力定律等。

(2)本题考查了量子论的提出及其影响。旨在考查学生再认、再现所学知识答题的能力。由设问中的“19世纪……经典物理学……隐含着巨大的危机”“普朗克……解决”可知这应为1900年,德国物理学家普朗克提出了量子论。

(3)本题考查了瓦特改良蒸汽机和法拉第发现电磁感应现象的各自影响。旨在考查学生再认、再现所学知识答题的能力。结合所学知识可知该说法正确。“理由”可从这两件事情分别将人类社会带入“蒸汽时代”和“电气时代”这一角度进行思考作答。

(4)本题考查了互联网技术的出现及其影响。旨在考查学生在相应的材料中寻找有效信息并再认、再现有关知识答题的能力。由设问中的“QQ场景”可知这应为互联网技术;互联网技术的“影响”可根据所学知识作答。

单项选择题

Passage Four

Roger Federer Lights up the Arabian Night
罗杰·费德勒点亮阿拉伯之夜

Plenty of people will be glad Tim Henman was not here to trouble Roger Federer once more last night,as the seedings said he should have been.Popular with the expatriates though he may be,and capable of upsetting Federer though he undoubtedly is,there is nothing quite so stirring as seeing one of the most gifted world No l s of all in full cry.
Instead of struggling with his jinx player,Federer imposed a spell of his own.He beat Andrei Pavel,whom Henman beat in the Paris Masters final,by6-3,6-3,and strode the court like a ruler who knows his aura is expanding.
It carried the Swiss imperiously into a semi-finals of the Dubai Championships,where he will face Jarkko Nieminen.The Finn earned his place by defeating the Dutch No 8 seed Sjeng Schalken 6-3,6-3.
Federer insisted he was not at his best-"I haven’t wanted to chase the fines as much as I should,"he said.
Pavel was driven to distraction as it was.He had akeady lifted himself near the level he showed when he was in the top 20.But just when he looked as if he might prolong the second set, Federer struck.
He retrieved one ball from deep,outside the tramlines on the forehand side,turned and reached the next ball from short and outside the tramlines on the backhand side,and still somehow hit a controlled winner.It completed the decisive break of serve.
Pavel responded by launching a spare ball towards the sky and it landed on the whiskey tables in the lrish village below.The umpire uttered a code violation warning in little more than a whisper.It was as though he felt sympathy for the Romanian.
If Federer reaches tomorrow’s final he will play Spain’s Feliciano Lopez,whose Davis Cup debut came in the singles in the 2003 final in Melbourne,or Mikhail Youzhny,whose first Davis Cup experience was as a ball boy in the 1995 final in Moscow.
That spurred Youzhny to make a top-level breakthrough seven yearslater,and to develop perseverance which has been revealed this week in a 6-3,1-6,6-1 quarter-final win over Rafael Nadal yesterday in heat which would have made a camel protest,and in a recovery from two days’vomiting after eating Japanese seafood."My cap felt as if it weighed five kilos."he said.

It can be inferred from the passage that______.

A.Pavel lost the game because his last ball flew towards the sky

B.Pavel was not happy with the umpire

C.Pavel lost his temper when defeated

D.the umpire felt sympathetic for Pavel for he was a Romanian

填空题