问题 阅读理解

Thomas Alva Edison was awarded more patents on inventions than any other American. When he died in 1931, Americans wondered how they could best show their respect for him. One suggestion was that the nation observe a minute or two of total blackout. All electric power would be shut off in homes, streets, and factories. Perhaps this suggested plan made Americans realize fully what Edison and his inventions mean to them. Electric power was too important to the country. Shutting it off for even a short time would have led to complete confusion. A blackout was impossible.

On the day of Edison's funeral, many people silently dimmed their lights. In this way they honored the man who had done more than anyone else to put the great force of electricity at his countrymen's fingertips.

小题1:This selection says that Thomas Edison ________.

A.was the only important American inventor

B.received the first American patent

C.received more patents than any other American

D.was the first American inventor小题2:People decided to honor Edison when ________.

A.he made the first electric light

B.electric power was 100 years

C.the country realized electricity's importance

D.he died in 1931小题3:The suggested plan was to ________.

A.turn off the lights in factories and schools

B.observe a few minutes of total silence

C.dim all electric lights

D.shut off all electricity for a short time

答案

小题1:C

小题2:D

小题3:D

文章介绍了美国人在爱迪生去世的时候,对他的怀念。

小题1:细节题。根据第一段第一行Thomas Alva Edison was awarded more patents on inventions than any other American.可知Edison是活的专利最多的美国人。

小题2:推理题。根据第2段On the day of Edison's funeral,可知是在他1931年去世的时候。人们纪念爱迪生。

小题3:细节题。根据文章第一段倒数2,3行Shutting it off for even a short time would have led to complete confusion.可知D正确。

阅读理解与欣赏

阅读《请让孩子输在起跑线上》,完成问题。

请让孩子输在起跑线上

郑渊洁

  ①近年在教育领域对家长误导最严重的一句话是“别让孩子输在起跑线上”。一些家长由于担心自己的孩子输在起跑线上,通过各种培训班给孩子超前灌输与其年龄不符的知识,拔苗助长。

  ②倘若将人生形容为一场竞赛,“起跑线”的比喻是恰当的。但是,“输在起跑线”上只适合短程竞赛,例如百米赛。如果是马拉松那样的长跑,就不存在输在起跑线上的担忧。相反,马拉松比赛赢在起跑线上的运动员,往往由于没有保存体力,致使起个大早,赶了晚集。马拉松竞赛的特点是谁笑在最后,谁笑得最好。

  ③长跑的要诀是保存实力,这和孩子学习知识的道理一样。当孩子没有一定的阅历时,给其灌输与年龄不相符的知识,会导致孩子对知识失去兴趣。衡量教育是否成功,不是看分数,而是看受教育者对所学知识的兴趣越来越大,还是越来越小。如果受教育者对所学知识的兴趣越来越大,说明教育成功了,反之则相反。

  ④20多年前,某大学的少年班家喻户晓。如今,这些昔日的神童几乎全军覆没,没有一个成为栋梁之才。这些孩子没有输在起跑线上,但是他们的父母将人生的马拉松赛跑误判为短跑,拼尽全力赢在起跑线上后,后劲不足,最终败北,贻笑大方。买过新汽车的人都知道,新车有磨合期。在新车的磨合期,车速不能太快。只有这样,这辆汽车未来才能风驰电掣。如果在新车的磨合期高速行驶,汽车就会早衰,该急速行进时,就会力不从心。假设将人比喻成汽车,人的磨合期就是童年。在童年,不能满负荷运转,要适度磨合。如此,孩子到了成年,才能快马加鞭,后劲十足。

  ⑤在孩子童年时,让其晚接触知识,有利于想象力在孩子的大脑里安营扎寨。爱因斯坦说:“想象力比知识重要。”有想象力的人才能进行创造性劳动。想象力在某种意义上和知识是天敌。人在获得知识的过程中,想象力可能会消失。因为知识符合逻辑,而想象力几乎无章可循。换句话说,知识的本质是科学,想象力的特征是荒诞。人的大脑一山不容二虎:在学龄前,想象力独占鳌头,脑子被想象力占据。上学后,大多数人的想象力将被知识驱逐出境。他们知识渊博,但想象力丧失,终身只能重复前人发现的知识。很少有人能让知识和想象力在自己的大脑里共存,一旦共存,此人就是能进行创造性劳动的成功人士了。

  ⑥请让孩子输在起跑线上。______________,______________。______________,______________。欲将取之,必先与之,是大智慧。(选自《北京晚报》2009年9月11日,有改动)

1.结合全文,说说第①段在文中的作用是什么。

_______________________________________________________________

2.阅读第③⑤段,指出作者分别从哪个方面阐述自己的观点的。

_______________________________________________________________

3.以下四个句子是从第⑥段的画线处截取的,请根据作者的观点,将这四句话按正确的顺序填写到横线上。

①却输掉人生

②能赢得人生

③输在起跑线上

④赢在起跑线上

_______________________________________________________________

单项选择题