问题 综合

图1为1990年和2006年我国原油进口来源地结构图,图2为2006年各地区原油生产、原油加工和乙烯生产产量占全国的比重。读图回答问题。

(1)图1所列国家中,与1990年相比,2006年新增的石油进口国中比重最大的三个国家依次是________、________和________。

(2)为保障我国石油供应安全,应采取哪些措施?

国外方面:_____________________________________________________________。

国内方面:_____________________________________________________________。

(3)读图2,原油生产比重明显大于原油加工比重的地区有________,东北地区、华北地区原油加工比重大的主导因素是________,华东地区原油加工、乙烯生产比重大的主导因素是________。

(4)石化工业园是由石油化学工业企业集聚而形成的,其主要优点有________和_______。

答案

(1)沙特阿拉伯;安哥拉;俄罗斯

(2)拓展石油供应渠道(来源地多元化);保障石油运输安全(运输方式多样化) 加强石油勘探开发;建立石油储备基地

(3)西北、华北、东北;原料;市场

(4)降低生产成本,获得规模效益;有利于集中治理污染

选择题
阅读理解

Monkeys , face to face

DISCOVER magazine once reported on a curious event in the woods : a group of monkeys applied mud (泥) to their faces in order to keep away insects , but when they were done they seemed to have lost their ability to recognize each other ---two monkeys that were supposed to be friends even started fighting.

“Faces are really important to how monkeys and apes (猿)can tell one another apart,” explained Michael Alfaro, a biologist at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), to the New York -based International Science Times . This is quite different from many other animals , which depend heavily on smells.

Since faces play such a crucial part in the social lives of monkeys , could this explain why certain monkey species have such colorful faces while others have simpler, plainer ones ?

To test this theory , a group of researchers from UCLA studied 139 monkey species , mainly from Asia and Africa, and analyzed hundreds of headshot (头像)photos of those monkeys from their databases.

It was found that species that live in larger groups have faces with more complex color patterns than those that live in smaller groups. According to Live Science, researchers believe that this is nature’s way of making it easier for monkeys to recognize each other since those living in larger groups have to distinguish between a greater number of faces.

This is actually not that hard to understand . Just imagine if there were 10 people standing in front of you, all wearing white clothes. It would be much more difficult to tell them apart than if they wore clothes with colorful patterns. However, if there were only two people that you had to identify, a lack of color wouldn’t be much of a problem.

Apart from the need to recognize group members , researchers found that geography and environment also affect monkeys’ facial colors. Species that live closer to the equator in thick, humid (潮湿的)forests were found to have darker faces than those who live in dry areas further away from the equator. This is because darker faces help camouflage (伪装)the monkeys in the woods so that they go unnoticed by predators (捕食者).

小题1:We can learn from the article that monkeys mainly recognize each other by their __.

A.Smells

B.Facial appearances

C.body shapes

D.Voices小题2:Which of the following statements about monkeys’face patterns is TURE according to the article ?

A.Larger monkeys have more complex face color patterns.

B.Monkeys with colorful face patterns usually take higher social positions within groups.

C.Monkeys living in smaller groups usually have simpler, plainer face patterns.

D.Colorful face patterns keep monkeys safe from predators.小题3:What is article mainly about?

A.The social lives of monkeys.

B.How monkeys tell each other apart.

C.A comparison between the face patterns of monkeys and those of human beings.

D.The different factors that determine monkeys’ face patterns.