问题 单项选择题

The appeal of advertising to buying motives can have both negative and positive effects. Consumers may be convinced to buy a product of poor quality or high price because of an advertisement. For example, some advertisers have appealed to people’s desire for better fuel economy for their cars by advertising automotive products that improve gasoline mileage. Some of the products work. Others are worthless and a waste of consumers’ money.

Sometimes advertising is intentionally misleading. A few years ago, a brand of bread was offered to dieters (节食者) with the message that there were fewer calories (热量单位,卡路里) in every slice. It turned out that the bread was not dietetic (适合节食的), but just regular bread. There were fewer calories because it was sliced very thin, but there were the same number of calories in every loaf.

On the positive side, emotional appeals may respond to a consumer’s real concerns, considering fire insurance. Fire insurance may be sold by appealing to fear of loss. But fear of loss is the real reason for fire insurance. The security of knowing that property is protected by insurance makes the purchase of fire insurance a worthwhile investment for most people. If consumers consider the quality of the insurance plans as well as the message in the ads, they will benefit from the advertising.

Each consumer must evaluate her or his own situation. Are the benefits of the product important enough to justify buying it Advertising is intended to appeal to consumers, but it does not force them to buy the product. Consumers still control the final buying decision.

The passage is mainly about()

A. how to make a wise buying decision

B. ways to protect the interests of the consumer

C. the positive and negative aspects of advertising

D. the function of advertisements in promoting sales

答案

参考答案:C

解析:

文章开篇就说明广告既有消极的一面又有积极的一面,后面通过正反两方面的例子来论述这个观点。故选C。

综合题

(18分)阅读下列材料,结合所学知识回答问题。

材料一  英国诺丁汉大学教授郑永年认为:所谓的一个国家外部的崛起,实际上是它内部力量的一个外延。在一个内部,自己的国家制度还没有健全的情况下,就很难成为一个大国,即使成为一个大国,也不是可持续的。

材料二  如果说,牛顿为工业革命创造了一把科学的钥匙,瓦特拿着这把钥匙开启了工业革命的大门,那么亚当·斯密则是挥动一只看不见的手,为工业革命的推进缔造了一个新的经济秩序……这一切使英国成为第一个现代化国家,也迫使整个世界追随着英国向现代化的方向前进,从这个意义上可以说是英国引领了当时世界的潮流,打开了现代世界的大门。

材料三  阿诺德·J·汤因比说:1931年这一年因为一个显著特征而不同于“战后”前几年,也不同与“战前”几年,世界各地的人们都在认真思考并坦率议论着西方社会制度也许会失败和失灵的可能性。

请回答:

(1)根据材料一并结合所学知识,分析指出英国在1588年至19世纪中期是如何完成内部制度调整和对外扩张的?(6分)

(2)根据材料一和材料二并结合所学知识,从政治、经济、科技三方面概括“英国打开了现代世界的大门”的条件。(6分)

(3)根据材料三并结合所学知识,概括指出“人们都在认真思考并坦率议论着西方社会制度也许会失败和失灵的可能性”的历史背景。(2分)

(4)根据材料并结合所学知识分析,20世纪30年代西方社会是如何避免自身社会制度的失灵的?并概括自己对此的认识。(4分)

单项选择题