问题 实验题

某小组在探究“合外力做功与物体动能增加量的关系”,设计了如图装置。

①现有打点计时器(含纸带、复写纸)、小车、一端带滑轮的长木板、细绳、钩码、小沙桶,导线及开关等,在下面的仪器和器材中,必须使用的有    .(填选项代号)

A.电压合适的50 HZ交流电源

B.电压可调的直流电源

C.刻度尺

D.秒表E. 天平

②实验时首先要平衡摩擦力:应该取下沙桶,把长木板_______(填“左”或“右”)垫高,轻推小车,让小车________(选填“拖着”或“不拖着”)纸带运动。

③某次实验小车运动的纸带如图所示.在纸带上相邻两计数点之间还有四个点未画出.取BE两点来研究,读出BE的长度为_____cm,其中小车通过计数点B点时的速度=______m/s(计算结果保留三位有效数字).本次试验中,纸带______(填“甲”或“乙”)端与小车相连。

答案

①ACE(1分)② 右 (1分)拖着(1分) ③4.80 (1分) 0.130 m/s (1分) 甲(1分)

题目分析:①打点计时器使用的是交流电,选项A正确、B错误。打点计时器有计时的功能,选项D错误。要测量纸带上的距离,必须要刻度尺,选项C正确。要测量沙和沙桶的质量,需要天平,选项E正确。

②右端垫高,形成斜面,用重力的沿斜面的分力平衡摩擦力。平衡摩擦力时,要拖着纸带运动。

③BE="7.00-2.20=4.80" cm。="0.130" m/s。小车做加速运动,单位时间内的位移越来越大,因此纸带的甲端与小车相连。

阅读理解

On August 5 at 10:31 p.m. PST, a rover(探测器)named Curiosity touched down safely on the surface of Mars, and I was lucky enough to have a front-row seat.

My name is Clara, and when I was in Grade 6, I won the essay contest NASA held to name its next Mars rover. The essay I wrote was not even 250 words long, but somehow it was enough to change my life.

I still remember that cold December day, sitting in a science class. I’d finished a worksheet early and decided to get a Time for Kids magazine off Mrs. Estevez’s bookshelf. It was the 2008 Invention Issue, but that wasn’t the only thing that caught my eye. In the magazine, there was an article about a girl who named the Mars Exploration Rovers, Spirit and Opportunity. The article also talked about the essay contest NASA was holding to name its next Mars rover. Before I even knew anything else about it, a single word flooded my 11-year-old mind: Curiosity.

I couldn’t wait for the bell to ring so I could get started on my essay. That afternoon, I raced home from the bus stop, sat down at the computer and typed until my fingers ached. It turned out that I was just in time. A few days later, and the contest would have closed.

Five months later, shortly after I had turned 12, I was watching a National Geographic special on mammoths when the phone rang. My mom answered, and immediately, a wide smile spread across her face. When she told me that I had won, I was happier than I could ever remember being, I screamed and ran up and down the stairs and all around the house. I completely forgot about the mammoths and did not even remember to turn off the TV until it was really late.

Curiosity is such an important part of who I am. I have always been fascinated by the stars, the planets, the sky and the universe. I remember as a little girl, my grandfather and I would sit together in the backyard for hours. He’d tell me stories and point out the stars.

My grandfather lived in China, thousands of miles away from my home in Kansas. I loved the stars because they kept us together even when we were apart. They were always there, yet there was so much I didn’t know about them. That’s what I love so much about space. No matter how much we learn, it will always possess some mystery.

In the past, space exploration may have been a competition to see who got somewhere first or the fastest. But now, it is one of the few things that bring people together. Science is a language that needs no translation. It doesn’t matter where you’re from or what you look like – you just have to have a thirst for knowledge and a passion for learning in order to succeed.

People often ask me why we go to faraway places like Mars. Why do we explore? My answer to that is simple: because we can; because we’re curious; because we as human beings do not just stay holed up in one place. We are constantly wondering and trying to find out what’s over the hill and beyond the horizon.

The curiosity rover is more than just a robot. It is more than just a titanium body and aluminum wheels. Curiosity represents the hard work, passion, love and commitment of thousands of people from all over the world who were brought together by science. Science is so awesome. It is breathtaking and mind-blowing; and sometimes, it’s just a little bit crazy. The discoveries we make about our world are incredibly humbling. They move us forward and have the potential to benefit all of mankind.

This December it will be four years of my life that have been tied to Curiosity in some way. I’ve met so many amazing people through this experience, from scientists to engineers to administrators to volunteers. Their devotion and enthusiasm inspire me greatly. My journey with Curiosity and the MSL mission team has shaped the person that I am today, as well as the person I would one day like to become.

I am deeply grateful to everyone who made it possible for me to have this amazing adventure.

And to you, I hope your curiosity takes you far.

小题1: The method the writer uses to begin the passage is _____.

A.telling a story

B.giving an example

C.offering an explanation

D.describing a scene小题2:Why did the writer hurry home to finish the essay for the contest NASA held?

A.She had just gathered enough information from Time for Kids

B.She wanted to write down what flashed through her mind in time.

C.She knew from Mrs. Estevez the deadline for the contest was approaching.

D.She was afraid she might miss the chance to compete with the former winner.小题3: The writer mentions her grandfather in order to show that ______.

A.she missed him very much.

B.he knew a great deal about space

C.he influenced her to love the stars

D.she treasured their happy moments小题4:Which of the following serves as a summary of Paragraph 11?

A.The writer was inspired to be a volunteer by the people she met.

B.The writer owed her success to her team members’ encouragement.

C.The writer met many difficulties in her four-year life with Curiosity.

D.The writer has benefited a lot from her experience tied to Curiosity.小题5:Which best describes the writer’s tone in the passage?

A.Sharp.

B.Proud.

C.Aggressive.

D.Enthusiastic.小题6:What is conveyed in the passage?

A.Curiosity is important to human beings.

B.A thirst for knowledge helps one grow up.

C.Entering a contest is a way to achieve success.

D.Curiosity changes people’s attitude towards science.

问答题 简答题