问题 阅读理解与欣赏

依据下列句子的语境和要求填写横线上的名句

11、“柳”“留”二字谐音,古代诗词中常常用“折柳”来暗喻离别之情。乐府诗中的“上马不捉鞭,_______,蝶座吹长笛,愁杀行客儿”。如郑谷的“好是春风湖上亭,______”。柳永《雨霖铃》中的“_____,_____,____。”除此之外,“柳枝”还表达了诗人复杂的思绪:如王昌龄的“_______,悔教夫婿觅封候”,苏轼《蝶恋花》中的“枝上柳絮吹又少,______。”贺铸《青玉案》中的“试问闲愁都几许?____,_____,______。”

12、梧桐树高大雄伟,而在古代诗词中,梧桐却是凄凉悲伤的象征。如李清照《声声慢》中的“_____,____、____。”温庭筠《更漏子》中“____,____,空阶滴到明。”徐再思《双调子?夜雨》中“_______,_______,三更归梦三更后。”这些诗句中诗人借梧桐写尽了人间和愁苦与相思。

13、“愁怨”原本是一个十分抽象的概念,在诗人笔下借助多种意象却使之变得有形可感,有味可嗅,有色可观。如李煜的“问君能有几愁?______。”与之有异曲同工之妙的还有欧阳修《踏莎行》中的“______,_____”句;李白的“______,______。人生在世不称意,明朝散发弄扁舟”句。贺铸《青玉案》的“试问闲愁都几许?____,_____,_____。李清照《武陵春》中的“______,_____”和《醉花阴》中的“莫道不消魂,______,______”两联绘形绘色地写出了愁绪的千姿百态。柳永《蝶恋花》中的“_______,_______”两句写愁的句子更是千古绝唱。

14、大雁和飞燕虽属两个不同季节的精灵,但它们也能“心有灵犀一点通”,都能传达出诗人感时伤逝的情怀。如欧阳修《戏答元稹》中的“夜闻归雁生相思,______”和杜甫《天末怀李白》中“______,_____”两句就是以大雁寄相思的典范。在刘禹锡《乌衣巷》中,我们看到了“______,______”的沧桑变迁;在晏殊《浣溪沙》中,我们看到了“______,_______,小园香径独徘徊”的物是人非的景象;在文天祥《金陵驿》中,我们还感受到了“山河风景元无异,城郭人民半已非。________,______?”的“黍离”之悲。

15、诸葛亮一代名相,足智多谋,助汉兴室,却壮志未酬,常引起后人无穷感慨和敬仰。杜甫在《蜀相》中对他一生作了精辟的概括:“_______,_______”两句是他平生功绩的真实写照;“_________,________”两句又表达了作者对诸葛亮壮志未酬的惋惜之情。温庭筠也出于这种惋惜的心情,写下了《经五丈原》。唐代杜甫在《八阵图》中也对诸葛亮一生功过作了总评:“______,______。江流石不转,遗恨失吞吴。”诸葛亮对后世忠臣和爱国者影响也很大,南宋诗人陆游在《书愤》中写到“__________,________。”不仅赞颂了诸葛亮一生的功绩,作者还以之自况,表达了自己矢志收复中原的志向。

答案

 

11、反折杨柳枝  柳条藤蔓系离情  今宵酒醒何处?杨柳岸,晓风残月  忽见陌头杨柳色  天涯何处无芳草  一川烟草,满城风絮,梅子黄时雨

12、梧桐更兼细雨,到黄昏、点点滴滴  一叶叶,一声声  一声梧叶一声秋,一点芭蕉一点愁

13、恰似一江春水向东流  离愁渐远渐无穷,迢迢不断如春水  抽刀断水水更流,举杯消愁愁更愁  一川烟草,满城风絮,梅子黄时雨只恐双溪舴艋舟,载不动许多愁  帘卷西风,人比黄花瘦  衣带渐宽终不悔,为伊消得人憔悴 

14、病入新年感物华  鸿雁几时到,江湖秋水多  旧时王谢堂前燕,飞入寻常百姓家  无可奈何花落去,似曾相识燕归来  满地芦花伴我老,旧家燕子傍谁家?

15、三顾频烦天下计,两朝开济老臣心  出师末捷身先死,长使英雄泪满襟  功盖三分国,名成八阵图  出师一表真名世,千载谁堪伯仲间

单项选择题
阅读理解

  In the earliest stages of man’s development he had no more need of money than animals have. He was content with very simple forms of shelter, made his own rough tools and weapons and could provide food and clothing for himself and his family from natural materials around him. As he became more civilized, however, he began to want better shelter, more efficient tools and weapons, and more comfortable and more lasting clothing than could be provided by his own neighborhood or by the work of his own unskilled hands. For these things he had to turn to the skilled people such as smiths, leather workers or carpenters. It was then that the question of payment arose.

At first he got what he wanted by a simple process of exchange. The smith who had not the time to look after land or cattle was glad to take meat or grain from the farmer in exchange for an axe or a plough (犁). But as more and more goods which had no fixed exchange value came on the market, exchange became too complicated to be satisfactory. Another problem arose when those who made things wanted to get stocks of wood or leather, or iron, but had nothing to offer in exchange until their finished goods were ready.

Thus the difficulties of exchange led by degree to the invention of money. In some countries easily handled things like seeds or shells were given a certain value and farmer, instead of paying the smith for a new axe by giving him some meat or grain, gave him so many shells. If the smith had any shells left when he had bought his food, he could get stocks of the raw materials of his trade. In some countries quite large things such as cows or camels or even big flat stones were used for trade. Later, pieces of metal, bearing values according to the rarity (稀有) of the metal and the size of the pieces, or coins were used. Money as we know it had arrived.

小题1:What does the first paragraph mainly tell us?

A.Man needed little in the earliest stages of development.

B.Man preferred to make tools by himself.

C.How the simple process of exchange arose.

D.What the early man needed from others.小题2:As men became more civilized they __________.

A.all learnt to make by themselves the things needed

B.had to travel a lot to look for what they wanted

C.wanted better things than those they themselves could provide

D.no longer provided food and clothing for themselves小题3:Exchange of goods became difficult because __________.

A.man became more civilized

B.there was not a marketplace for farmers and smiths to exchange their goods

C.farmers hadn’t enough grain or meat to provide for skilled workers

D.more and more goods which had no fixed exchange values appeared on the market.小题4:Money was not used until __________.

A.paper was invented

B.nothing could be offered in exchange

C.people practiced a simple process of exchange

D.the exchange of one thing for another became too complicated小题5: What was used for trade according to the text?

A.Shells

B.Tea

C.Salt

D.Horses