问题 填空题

如图所示的电路中,电源电压为4.5V,灯L标有“3V 0.9W”,滑动变阻器R上标有“30Ω 1A”的字样,电压表量程为0~3V.当滑动变阻器的滑片向左移动时,电压表的示数将   .为了保证电路中各元件安全工作,滑动变阻器连入电路中的阻值范围是   .(设灯丝电阻保持不变)

答案

变小,5≤R≤20Ω.

题目分析:(1)当滑动变阻器的滑片向左移动时,滑动变阻器接入电路的电阻变小,电路中总电阻变小,电流变大,小灯泡两端的电压变大,因为电源电压不变,所以滑动变阻器两端电压变小,电压表示数变小。

(2)灯泡的电阻为

滑动变阻器两端的最小电压为U=U-U=4.5V-3V=1.5V,

滑动变阻器连入电路中的最小阻值

当电压表的示数最大U′=3V时,滑动变阻器接入电路的电阻最大,

此时灯泡两端的电压为U′=U-U′=4.5V-3V=1.5V,

此时电路的电流为

滑动变阻器接入电路的电阻值为

点评:本题考查欧姆定律及其变形的灵活运用,关键明白电路各个元件要想都安全工作,不能超过各自的额定电压,要知道串联电路电压的规律.

单项选择题 A1型题
单项选择题

Scientists around the world are racing to learn how to rapidly diagnose, treat and stop the spread of a new, deadly disease. SARS — Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome — was (1) for the first time in February 2003 in Hanoi, (2) since then has infected more than 1,600 people in 15 countries, killing 63. At this (3) , there are more questions than answers surrounding the disease.

Symptoms start (4) a fever over 100.4 degrees F, chills, headache or body (5) . Within a week, the patient has a dry cough, which might (6) to shortness of breath. In 10% to 200% of cases, patients require (7) ventilation to breathe. About 3.5% die from the disease. Symptoms (8) begin in two to seven days, but some reports suggest it (9) take as long as 10 days. Scientists are close to (10) a lab test to diagnose SARS. In the meantime, it is diagnosed by its symptoms. There is no evidence (11) antibiotics or anti-viral medicines help, (12) doctors can offer only supportive care. Patients with SARS are kept in isolation to reduce the risk of (13) . Scientists aren’t sure yet, but some researchers think it’s a (14) discovered coronavirus, the family of viruses that cause some common colds.

Most cases appear to have been passed (15) droplets expelled when infected patients cough or sneeze. Family members of infected people and medical workers who care for them have been most likely to (16) the illness. But recent developments in Hong Kong suggest that the (17) might spread through air, or that the virus might (18) for two to three hours on doorknobs or other (19) Health experts say it is (20) , though, that sharing an elevator briefly with an infected person would be enough to pass the virus.

10()

A.cultivating

B.fostering

C.developing

D.designing