问题 问答题 简答题

某电器专卖店(一般纳税人)2013年8月发生下列购销业务:

(1)销售空调机300台,每台零售价格3000元,商场派人负责安装,每台收取安装费200元;

(2)将本专卖店自用半年的小汽车一辆,账面原价160000元,已提折旧30000元,以180000元的价格售出;

(3)购进空调机200台,取得增值税专用发票注明价款420000元,已通过认证,货款未支付,领用5台用于本企业经营;

(4)购进电冰箱150台,取得增值税专用发票注明价款300000元,已通过认证,因资金周转困难只支付厂商70%的货款,余款在下月初支付;因质量问题,退回从某冰箱厂上期购进电冰箱20台,每台出厂单价价税合计2340元,并取得厂家开具的红字发票。

该企业财务人员在申报增值税时计算过程如下:

(1)销售300台空调销项税额=3000÷(1+17%)×300×17%=130769.23(元)

(2)出售2013年购买不能抵扣进项税额的小轿车,应纳增值税=(180000-160000)÷(1+4%)×2%=384.62(元)

(3)购进空调进项税额=420000×17%=71400(元)

(4)购进冰箱进项税额=300000×17%=51000(元)

(5)当期销项税额=130769.23(元)

当期进项税额合计=71400+51000=122400(元)

该商场本月应纳增值税=130769.23—122400+384.62=8753.85(元)

要求:

(1)

根据上述资料和增值税法律制度的规定,分析指出该企业财务人员申报增值税时存在哪些问题,并分别简要说明理由。

(2)

计算该商场2013年8月应纳的增值税额。

答案

参考答案:

(1) ①销售空调时每台收取的安装费200元没有纳税不符合规定。根据规定,增值税纳税人的销售额为纳税人销售货物或提供应税劳务而向购买方收取的全部价款和价外费用。本题中.安装费属于销售空调的价外收入,应该-并征收增值税。 

②将自用半年的小汽车转让时的纳税计算不符合规定。根据规定,-般纳税人销售自己使用过的属于《增值税暂行条例》规定不得抵扣且未抵扣进项税额的固定资产,按简易办法依4%征收率减半征收增值税。本题中,计算小汽车的增值税应采用简易办法,以实际售价作为计税依据计算,题目中将原价扣除的做法是错误的。 

③本月退回上期购入的冰箱,没有相应扣减本期进项税的做法不符合规定。根据规定,-般纳税人因购进货物退出或者折让而收回的增值税额,应从发生购进货物退出或者折让当期的进项税额中扣减,本题中,因质量问题,退回从某冰箱厂上期购进电冰箱20台没有扣减当期进项税的做法错误。 

(2)计算该商场2013年8月应纳的增值税额, 

①销售300台空调销项税额=(3000+200)÷(1+17%)×300×17%=139487.18(元) 

②出售2013年购买不能抵扣进项税额的小轿车,应纳增值税=180000÷(1+4%)×2%=3461.54(元) 

③购进空调进项税额=420000×17%=71400(元) 

解析:

提示:自用的空调作为固定资产也可以抵扣进项税额。

④购进冰箱进项税额=300000×17%=51000(元)

退货应该扣减增值税进项税额=20×2340÷(1+17%)×17%=6800(元)

⑤当期销项税额合计=139487.18(元)

当期进项税额合计=71400+51000—6800=115600(元)

该商场本月应纳增值税=139487.18—115600+3461.54=27348.72(元)

思路点拨:本题主要考核了增值税价外费用、简易计税、进项税抵扣、应纳增值税的计税等规定。易混淆的主要有两点:-是价外费用-并征收增值税,而装卸费、保险费和其他杂费不能与运输费合并抵扣进项税;二是纳税人销售自己使用过的不同固定资产征收增值税的不同规定。

阅读理解

My grandmother often said to me, “You can count the number of your true friends on the fingers of one hand.” For a long time I thought this was true. However, I’ve now discovered my grandmother was only half right. Maybe we do only make a few “best” friends in our lifetime, but those aren’t the only people that we can call friends. There are many different types. Let me tell you about a few of them.

One type of friends is the type I call the “football mom friend”. My neighbor Sally is a good example. We both have kids who play football in a football club, and someone has to take them to practice and pick them up. Sally and I and two other mothers take turns to do this. We meet sometimes and have tea and talk about what our kids are doing, but those are the only times that we meet each other. I enjoy being with these women, but we don’t do anything else together.

Another type is called the “hobby friend”. That’s the person you share an interest or a hobby with. Michael and Cater, who are brothers, are a good example of this type. We’re all in a bird watching club. Every few weekends the members of the club go on a trip to watch different kinds of birds. There’s nothing romantic(浪漫的)about my relationship with Michael and Cater, of course. We just share interest in birds.

Then there’s the “other half of the couple” type of friends. Jim is married to Rose, a friend that I’ve known since college. When Rose married Jim, I realized that I would have to be Jim’s friend if I want to continue to be Rose’s. Jim and I don’t share so many interests, but we do have a friendly relationship.

小题1:What does the first paragraph tell us about?

A.We need true friends in our lifetime.

B.We have few best friends in our lifetime.

C.We should make new friends.

D.We must be friendly to all our friends.小题2:Many people are mentioned in this passage. Who is the writer’s true friend?

A.Sally.

B. Michael.

C. Jim.

D. Rose.小题3:Which of the following statements is RIGHT?

A.Finally the writer agrees with her grandmother.

B.Michael and Cater both fall in love with the writer.

C.The writer herself sometimes takes her kid to the football club.

D.Sally and the writer are close friends.小题4:How many types of friends are mentioned in the passage?

A.2.

B. 3.

C. 4.

D.5小题5:From the last paragraph we learn that ________.

A.the writer made friends with Jim only because of Rose

B.Jim was the writer’s good friend at college

C.Rose didn’t want the writer to be a friend of her husband

D.the writer made friends with Rose because of Jim

问答题 简答题