问题 填空题

Think, count and write. 算一算,写一写。

1. Twenty + ten ÷ five =                  

2. Thirty twelve =                  

3. Six × three + five =                   

4. Fifteen - four =                  

5. Twenty - seven - eight =                  

答案

1. twenty-two  2. eighteen   3. twenty-three    4. eleven    5. five

综合题

(12分)对各种文献加上按语是历史学习和研究活动中常常采用的方法,这种按语包括对文献的注解、考辨、说明、评论。结合所学知识,参照示例为给出的文献完成不同类型的按语。

(1)注解:对史籍中的人物、史事、典章制度作介绍性说明。例:

郡县者,非天子之利也,国祚所以不长也;而为天下计,则害不如封建(注1)之滋也多矣。——王夫之《读通鉴论》

【注1】封建指分封制,西周时期实行的将子弟和功臣分封到各地世袭为王侯,以拱卫周王朝的地方行政制度

科举(注1)弊政乎?科举,法之最善者也。古者世卿(注2),《春秋》讥之,讥世卿所以立科举也。——梁启超《论科举》

【注1】             (2分)   【注2】                (2分)

(2)考辨:辨别历史记载的正误。例:

自古书契多编以竹简,其用缣帛者谓之为纸。缣责而简重,并不便于人。伦乃造意,用树肤、麻头及敞布、鱼网以为纸。——《后汉书.蔡伦传》

【考辨】近代以来的考古发掘证明西汉就出现了书写用纸。东汉蔡伦发明造纸术的说法不确。

中朝,内朝也,丞相以下至六百石为中朝也。大司马、左右前后大 * * 等皇帝亲信近臣构成外朝,中朝在宫廷之内对重要政事事先做出决策。《汉书。刘辅传》

【考辨】            (2分)

(3)说明:对史著中一些文字、符号、图形作简要的说明。请将以下图示的说明补充完整。

【说明】

                   (2分)  

②指新文化运动中对各种西方学说的介绍,十月革命后,马克思主义成为新思潮的主流。

③指新文化运动中以白话文为依托,体现民主、科学新思想、新内容的新文学运动。

                   (2分)

⑤这里的因素包括民族资本主义的发展、工人阶级的壮大、十月革命的影响等内外因素。

                   (2分)

(4)评论:对史籍中的史学观点进行评论。

单项选择题

The great advance (91) rocket theory 40 years ago showed that liquid-fuel rockets were far (92) in every respect to the skyrocket with its weak solid fuel, the only kind of rocket then known. (93) , during the last decade, large solid-fuel rockets with (94) fuels about as powerful as liquid fuels have (95) their appearance, and it is a favorite layperson’s question to (96) which one is "better". The question is meaningless. (97) might as well ask whether a gasoline or a diesel engine is "better". It all (98) on the purpose. A liquid-fuel rocket is complicated, (99) has the advantage that it can be controlled beautifully. The burning of the rocket engine can be stopped completely; it can be reignited when (100) . (101) , the thrust can be made to vary by adjusting the speed of the fuel pumps. A solid-fuel rocket, on the other hand, is rather (102) in construction, (103) hard to build when a really (104) size is desired. But once you have a solid-fuel rocket, it is ready for action (105) very short notice. A liquid-fuel rocket has to be fueled first and cannot be (106) readiness for very long after it has been fueled. (107) , once a solid-fuel rocket has been ignited, it will keep burning. It cannot be stopped and reignited (108) desired (it could conceivably be stopped and reignited after a pre-calculated time of burning has elapsed, and its thrust cannot be varied. Because a solid-fuel rocket can be kept ready for a long time, most military missiles (109) solid fuels, but human-piloted spaceflight needs the fine adjustments that can (110) be provided by liquid fuels.

A.at

B.in

C.on

D.with