关于小肠梗阻的全身变化，下列哪一项是错误的A．大量呕吐，丢失_爱下问搜题

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问题单项选择题

关于小肠梗阻的全身变化，下列哪一项是错误的

A．大量呕吐，丢失胃液，易发生低氯低钾性碱中毒

B．失水失盐，等渗性缺水

C．毒素吸收而致毒血症，全身中毒，休克

D．血液浓缩

E．血容量减少

答案

参考答案：A

解析：[解题思路] 肠梗阻时由于有大量体液丢失，引起水、电解质紊乱与酸碱平衡失调。由于患者不能进食，频繁呕吐，大量胃肠道液体积聚，不能吸收而丢失。此外肠管过度扩张影响肠壁静脉回流，肠壁水肿，血浆向肠腔、肠壁和腹腔渗出。有绞窄发生时，更有血液的丢失。鉴于丢失的体液基本上是等渗液，故产生的后果是等渗性缺水，严重时则伴代谢性酸中毒并导致血容量减少，血液浓缩。梗阻以上肠腔内细菌数显著增加，当肠壁血运障碍活动丧失时，大量细菌繁殖所产生的强烈毒素即渗透至腹腔内引起严重腹膜炎和毒血症。

完形填空

It was very cold at 7 am that Monday morning in Harvard Square. I was nearly mad because I had just         the bus, and was standing out in the freezing cold waiting for the next one. My mind was filled with anxiety and        thoughts. “Why didn’t I leave two minutes       ?”
       the others at the bus stop was a woman in her fifties wearing a old-fashioned hat, an old pair of boots and a dark coat, but she had no       . Another woman, who looked to be in her middle twenties, said to the        woman, “Your hands must be very cold. You’ll get frostbitten (冻伤的) in this weather.” She        her heavy backpack to the ground, bent down, and began        for something inside her backpack. The older woman looked       and said, ”Oh no, that’s OK. I’m        .
The younger woman continued to search        in her backpack and the older woman kept repeating, “Don’t        yourself. I’ll be all right.” After       seemed like so many minutes, the younger woman        a pair of purple gloves. She took the older woman’s hands and gently      a glove on each hand, covering one finger       . The older woman said, “Thank you. You’re so sweet.”
Though I was very cold, the act of        gave ma a warm feeling inside. It also motivated me to buy five pairs of purple gloves, similar to hers, and        them in my bag, just in case I        someone who was in great        on a cold day.

D．at the same time

B．came across

单项选择题

女，42岁，生育史G₂P₁，子宫增大如孕3个月，诊断为子宫肌瘤，行全子宫切除，保留双附件。不需切断的韧带是（）

A.圆韧带

B.骨盆漏斗韧带

C.子宫骶骨韧带

D.主韧带

E.阔韧带