问题 单项选择题

关于中国古代社会几部法典的结构体例,下列哪一选项是错误的( )

A.《法经》中相当于近代刑法典总则部分的“具法”被置于六篇中的最后一篇

B.《魏律》对秦汉旧律有较大改革,如将“具律”改为“刑名”,并将其置于律首

C.《晋律》将刑名与法例律合为“名例律”一篇,并将法典篇章数定为二十篇

D.《永徽律疏》将疏议分附于律文之后颁行,分为十二篇三十卷

答案

参考答案:C

解析:[考点] 中国古代主要法典的体例结构 [详解] 《法经》共六篇:一、《盗法》;二、《贼法》;三、《网法》;四、《捕法》;五、《杂法》;六、《具法》。其中第六篇《具法》类似于现代刑法总则的部分内容。故此A项正确。《魏律》即曹魏《新律》,其对旧律作出了重大改革,其中重要一项就是改“具律”为“刑名”,并冠于全律篇首,突出了“刑名”作为律典总则的地位和统括全律的作用,是封建法典篇章体例结构方面的重大突破。故此B项正确。《晋律》即《泰始律》,《晋律》在保留沿用曹魏《新律》之“刑名”第一的基础上,新增了“法例律”篇目,共同构成了法典总则性质。而将“刑名”、“法例律”合为一篇,首创“名例律”篇目的则是《北齐律》。由此可知C项是错误的。《永徽律疏》分为《永徽律》和“疏议”两部分。《永徽律》是以《贞观律》为蓝本删改的律典,共12篇30卷,而对律文进行的解释和阐述称为“疏议”。“疏议”附于律文之后,具有与律文同等的法律效力,并颁行于天下,称《永徽律疏》。因此D项正确。

单项选择题
单项选择题


A large part of effective leadership is dependent on something called "style". But style is difficult to teach, and what makes one leader great and another mediocre is not easily defined. Leadership always implies power, and a broad definition in this context is that leadership includes the power to influence thoughts and actions of others in such a way that they achieve higher satisfaction and/or performance. Over the past century, there have been three major approaches to understanding leadership.
Identifying leadership traits, or the physical and psychological characteristics of leaders, was the first formal approach, and had a lot of intuitive appeal. It owed its origins to the mm of the century (about 1904) when trait studies began. At this time most American leaders came from certain wealthy families, the vast majority were white males, and there were some social norms about what leaders looked like (tall, square jaw, well groomed, etc.). The original assumption that "leaders are born, not made" has been discredited, because there were too many exceptions to the traits to give them any credibility. Beginning after World War II, in sharp contrast to the trait approach, the behavioral approach looked at what a leader does, what behaviors leaders use that set them apart from others. This approach assumed that leadership could be learned. Virtually all of the studies focused on classifying behaviors according to whether they fell into a process or "people approach" (satisfying individual needs), or a "task approach" (getting the job done). The basis for this classification was in the discovery in social psychology that every group needs someone to fulfill both these roles in the group for it to be effective. The earliest of these studies began in Ohio State University and the University of Michigan in the late 1940s. Many of the early trait and behavioral writers tried to make their ideas applicable to all leadership situations. The earliest situational approach to leadership was developed in 1958. This approach strived to identify characteristics of the situation that allowed one leader to be effective where another was not. The trend later developed toward the third approach, understanding the unique characteristics of a situation and what kind of leadership style best matches with these.

According to Paragraph 2, which of the following is NOT one of the three major approaches to understanding leadership

A.Situation.

B.Trait.

C.Power.

D.Behavior.