问题 问答题

如图所示,固定在水平面上的两平行光滑轨道相距l=1m,左端用R=4Ω的电阻连接,一质量m=0.5kg的导体杆ab静止放在轨道上,且与两轨道垂直,整个装置处于磁感应强度B=2T的匀强磁场中,磁场方向垂直轨道平面向上,现用水平恒力沿轨道向右拉导体杆,当移动距离s=2.5m时导体杆开始以8m/s的速度做匀速运动,轨道和导体杆的电阻均忽略不计.求:

(1)当导体杆匀速运动时,通过它的电流大小和方向;

(2)导体杆从静止到刚开始匀速运动的过程中,通过电阻R上电量q.

答案

(1)感应电动势:E=Blv=2×1×8=16V,

感应电流:I=

E
R
=
16
4
=4A,

由右手定则可知,通过导体杆的电流由b流向a;

(2)由法拉第电磁感应定律得:

.
E
=
△Φ
△t
=
Bls
△t

感应电流:

.
I
=
.
E
R
=
Bls
R

通过R的电荷量:q=

.
I
△t,

解得:q=

Bls
R
=
2×1×2.5
4
=1.25C;

答:(1)当导体杆匀速运动时,通过它的电流大小为4A,方向:由b流向a;

(2)导体杆从静止到刚开始匀速运动的过程中,通过电阻R上电量为1.25C.

阅读理解
阅读理解。
    President Hu Jintao flew to the earthquake-hit region in Yushu,
Qinghai on April 18, 2010. At a field hospital on the grounds of a
sports stadium, Hu sat on the bed of Drolma, a middle school
student, and held her in his arm as she wept (哭泣). "Rest assured
(放心的), you will have a full recovery (康复). Be strong. You will
have a bright future," he told her.


The 2010 World Expo,
    Shanghai
     China
The 2010 World Expo Shanghai
China Duration (举办时间): May 1 to October 31, 2010
Expected visitors: 70 million
Theme (主题): "Better City, Better Life."
     The theme represents the common wish of the people all over the
world for a better living in future urban (城市的) environments.

The 19th FIFA World Cup (世界杯足球赛)
Duration: June 11 to July 12, 2010
Host (主办) nation: South Africa
Number of teams: Thirty-two
Number of matches: Sixty-four
     It is the first time that the tournament (锦标赛) has been hosted
by a nation in the Confederation (联盟) of African Football.
1. President Hu Jintao flew to Yushu, Qinghai _______, 2010.
A. on May 1
B. on June 11
C. on April 18
D. on July 12
2. President Hu Jintao comforted (安慰) _______ at a field hospital.
A. a middle school student
B. a soldier
C. a farmer of Yushu
D. a doctor
3. The 2010 World Expo in Shanghai will end on _______.
A. September 30
B. October 31
C. November 30
D. December 31
4. The theme of Expo 2010 is "_______".
A. Better City, Bright future.
B. Better City, Good Environment.
C. Better City, Better Life.
D. Better City, Best Investment (投资).
5. There will be _______ teams taking part in the 19th FIFA World Cup.
A. 10
B. 12
C. 13
D. 32
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