问题 实验题

(Ⅰ)某研究性学习小组为“探究加速度与力、质量的关系”独力设计了如图甲所示的实验装置。已知小车质量为m1,砝码和盘的质量为m2,除了装置图中所给的器材外,另外备有垫木、复写纸、电键及导线若干。

(1)除了上面涉及的实验器材外,本次实验还缺少的器材有            

(2)保持m1不变,改变m2的大小,小明同学根据实验数据作出了加速度a随拉力F的变化图象如图乙所示,该图线不通过坐标原点,最可能的原因是:                 

(3)如图丙所示为某次实验得到的一条纸带,相邻计数点间还有四个点没有画出。AB、CD计数点之间的距离已测出,由于疏漏B、C两计数点之间的距离忘记了标注,根据纸带上现有的数据情况,可计算出小车运动的加速度为         m/s2(交流电的频率为50Hz,结果保留两位有效数字)

(4)在探究加速度与力的关系实验中,要尽可能保证a-F图象是一条直线,需要控制的条件是__________________________________。

答案

(1)交流电源(或答学生电源)和刻度尺(2分);  (2)没有平衡摩擦力或平衡摩擦力不够(2分);  (3)0.52(2分); (4)小车质量m1远大于砝码和盘的质量m2(或答m1 >>m2)(2分)

题目分析:(1)从图中所给器材和题目中所给器材可知,还缺少的器材是:是打点计时器工作的交流电源,纸带打出来后测量长度的刻度尺。(2)从图中可知,在提供了一定的拉力后加速度仍然为0,说明有摩擦力与拉力平衡,即没有平衡好摩擦力。(3)据题意,相邻计数点之间时间间隔为T=0.1s,加速度为:,则。(4)为了保证图像是一条过原点的直线,需要使小车质量远大于砝码和盘的质量之和,因为在中当时有,加速度为

阅读理解

阅读理解

     "Our aim is to take our art to the world and make people understand what it is to move," said David

Belle, the founder of parkour(跑酷).

     Do you love running? It is a good exercise, yet many people find it boring. But what if making your

morning jog a creative one? Like jumping from walls and over gaps, and ground rolls? Just like the James Bond in the movie Casino Royale? Bond jumps down from a roof to a windowsill and then runs several

blocks over obstacles on the way. It is just because of Bond's wonderful performances that the sport has

become popular worldwide.

     Yes, that's parkour, an extreme street sport aimed at moving from one point to another as quickly as

possible, getting over all the obstacles in the path using only the abilities of the human body. Parkour is

considered an extreme sport. As its participants dash around a city, they may jump over fences, run up

walls and even move from rooftop to rooftop.

Parkour can be just as exciting and charming as it sounds, but its participants see parkour much more

than that.

     Overcoming all the obstacles on the course and in life is part of the philosophy(理念) behind parkour. This is the same as life. You must determine your destination, go straight, jump over all the barriers as if

in parkour and never fall back from them in your life, to reach the destination successfully. A parkour

lover said, "I love parkour because its philosophy has become my life, my way to do everything."

     Another philosophy we've learnt from parkour is freedom. It can be done by anyone, at any time,

anywhere in the world. It is a kind of expression of trust in yourself that you earn energy and confidence.

1. Parkour has become popular throughout the world because of _____.

A. its founder, David Belle

B. the film, Casino Royale

C. its risks and tricks

D. the varieties of participants

2. The underlined word "obstacles" in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to "_____".

A. streetsB. objects

C. barriersD. roofs

3. Which of the following is true of parkour?

A. It challenges human abilities.

B. It is a good but boring sport.

C. It needs special training.

D. It is a team sport.

4. As its participants move around a city, _____.

A. they can ask for help

B. they may choose to escape

C. they should run to extremes

D. they must learn to

单项选择题