问题 填空题

下图是女性排卵、受精和怀孕示意图,请据图回答问题.

(1)写出下列标号的结构名称:②______③______

(2)图中④结构的生理功能是______.

(3))胚胎发育初期由______提供营养;等胚胎植入子宫内壁后,胎儿通过脐带和胎盘从______内获得各种养料和氧气.

(4)如果某女性⑤的结构堵塞,在自然状态下,她能否怀孕?答:______.

答案

(1)图示中②是卵巢排出的卵细胞,③是卵细胞在输卵管中与精子相融合后的受精卵.

(2)图示中④是子宫,受精卵分裂、分化形成胚泡后植入子宫内膜,胚泡中的细胞继续分裂和分化,逐渐发育成胚胎,通过胎盘、脐带与母体进行物质交换;怀孕到40周左右,胎儿发育成熟,成熟的胎儿和胎盘一起从母体的 * * 排出,即分娩.因此子宫是胚胎发育的场所.

(3)在由受精卵形成胚泡的初期发育过程中,所需要的营养物质由卵细胞中的卵黄提供;等胚胎植入子宫内膜后,通过胎盘、脐带从母体获得所需要的营养物质和氧气,胎儿产生的二氧化碳等废物,也是通过胎盘经母体排出体外的.

(4)图示中⑤是输卵管,输卵管堵塞,则精子与卵细胞不能相遇,就不能形成受精卵,或即使完成受精作用,受精卵也无法及时到达子宫内进行着床受孕,因此在自然状态下她不可能怀孕.

故答案为:(1)卵细胞;受精卵

(2)胚胎发育的场所

(3)卵黄;母体

(4)不能

单项选择题
阅读理解
Almost everyone wants to get smarter. We struggle to improve our 16_ , intelligence and attention. We drink cup after cup of coffee to help us  17_  the day.
 18 __, a new study published in Current Directions in Psychological Science warns that there are 19___ to how smart humans can get.
Each of our body parts develops in a certain way for a reason.  20  _, we are not 3 meters tall  21 _ most people’s hearts are not strong enough to send  22 _  up that high. Scientists say that our thinking ability works in the same way. A baby’s brain size is limited by a series of __23  , such as the size of the mother’s pelvis (骨盆). If our brains developed to be bigger, there could be more  24  during childbirth.
The study of Jews, who have an average IQ much _ 25_  than other Europeans, showed they were more  _26_  to develop diseases of the  _27_  system. This might be because of their increased brainpower.
If intelligence cannot be improved, can we at least get better at _ 28 _ ? Not really, say scientists. They studied  _29_  like caffeine (咖啡因)that improve attention. They found the drugs only helped people with serious  30 _ problems. For those who did not have trouble paying attention, the drugs could have the  31 _ effect. Scientists say that this suggests there is a(n)  32 limit to how much people can or should concentrate.
Our memory is also a “double-edged sword”. People with extremely good memories could  33__ having a difficult life because they cannot  _34 bad things that happen to them.
Thomas Hills, one of the authors of the paper, said that   35  all the problems in trying to get smarter, it’s unlikely that there will ever be a “super mind”.
小题1:
A.memoryB.characterC..abilityD.emotion
小题2:
A.go throughB.get throughC.put through D.carry through
小题3:
A.Though B.ThereforeC.MeanwhileD.However
小题4:
A.standardsB.measuresC.rangesD.limits
小题5:
A.For exampleB.In additionC.At firstD.Above all
小题6:
A.untilB.beforeC.becauseD.so that
小题7:A. blood      B information        C. breath            D. strength
小题8:
A.reasonsB.factorsC.aspectsD.effects
小题9:
A.chancesB.livesC.choicesD.deaths
小题10:
A.smarterB.betterC.higherD.lower
小题11:
A.likelyB.possibleC.probableD.sure
小题12:
A.nervousB.bodilyC.personalD.physical
小题13:
A.exercisingB.concentrating C.memorizingD.thinking
小题14:
A.poisonsB.drinks C.plants D.drugs
小题15:
A.healthB.familyC.attentionD.living
小题16:
A.sameB.differentC.oppositeD.similar
小题17:
A.lowerB.smallerC.higherD.upper
小题18:
A.end up B.make upC.start upD.come up
小题19:
A.rememberB.forgetC.performD.share
小题20:
A.supposingB.consideringC.concerningD.regarding