问题 填空题

课外小组同学为探究二氧化碳的性质设计右图实验.两个实验观察到的共同现象是______,产生该现象的原因是______.在实验中左右晃动试管会使观察到的现象更加明显,原因是______.若再向B装置的烧杯中滴人少量氯化钙溶液,将会观察到的现象是______,发生反应的化学方程式为______.

答案

二氧化碳溶于水或和水、氢氧化钠反应时,试管中的二氧化碳会减少,从而导致试管中的气压减小,在外界大气压的作用下,试管中的液面会上升.故填:试管内液面上升;二氧化碳被液体吸收,使试管内气压变小,小于外界大气压.压强差使液体进入试管内.

左右晃动试管时,二氧化碳能和水、氢氧化钠溶液充分接触,使气体与液体充分反应.故填:使气体与液体充分接触.

B装置的烧杯中,二氧化碳和氢氧化钠反应生成了碳酸钠,碳酸钠能和氯化钙反应生成碳酸钙沉淀和氯化钠.故填:产生白色沉淀.

反应的化学方程式为:CaCl2+Na2CO3═CaCO3+2NaCl.

阅读理解

President Barack Obama rode a bicycle at the White House Science Fair on April 22. But it wasn’t an ordinary bike. As he pedaled, the President stayed in place, while the energy from his pedaling powered a water filtration (过滤) system. He was testing an invention created by a team of 14 students from Northeast High School, in Oakland Park, Florida.

Payton Karr, 16, and Kiona Elliot, 18, attended the fair as representatives of the project.“We were hoping President Obama would ride the bike, but we didn’t actually expect him to,” Payton told TFK. “ It really meant a lot.” Kiona agreed. “It was pretty awesome to see the invention, which was invented by a group of 14 high school students and one teacher, along with the help of community members, got the interest of the leader of our nation,” she said.

The project was an idea that came about after one of the Northeast students, Kalie Hoke, visited Haiti after the terrible 2010 earthquake and saw how difficult it was to find clean water. The students invented a portable(便携的), bicycle-powered emergency water filtration system, which can provide 20-30 people with drinking water in a 15-hour period. The teens hope their invention will one day be used by relief organizations like the Red Cross. “ They can take it to places after natural disasters so that water can be clean for the people there,” said Payton.

Payton and Kiona were among the 100 students from more than 40 states invited to the third annual White House Science Fair, in Washington, D.C., which is also attended by leaders in science and education. President Obama started the event in 2010 to stimulate students interested in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Maths).“Well, if you’re a young person and you produce the best experiment or design, you ought to be recognized for that achievement,” Obama said when he first announced the fair.

President Obama praised the projects during a speech to attendees after the fair. “The science fair projects of today could become the products and businesses of tomorrow,” he said. “If you’re inventing things in the third grade, what are you going to do by the time you get to college?”

小题1:What is special about the bicycle President Obama rode?

A.It can move very fast.

B.It is extremely beautiful.

C.It is used to make water clean.

D.It is made of eco-friendly materials.小题2:The representatives of the bicycle-powered water filtration system_________.

A.were both community members

B.graduated from a famous university

C.finished the project with the help of their parents

D.were surprised that their invention interested Obama小题3:The bicycle-powered water filtration system was designed ________________.

A.at the request of the Red Cross

B.for city families to get pure water

C.during the terrible 2010 earthquake in Haiti

D.to provide people in disaster areas with clean water小题4:The underlined word “stimulate” in Paragraph 4 can be replaced by _________.

A.help

B.inspire

C.change

D.entertain小题5:We can know from the last sentence in the passage that President Obama _____.

A.wanted the youth to have big dreams

B.encouraged the youth to go to college

C.worried the young inventors would do nothing in college

D.believed the young inventors would have a promising future

问答题 简答题