问题 填空题

(本题共14分)5—氨基酮戊酸盐是一种抗肿瘤药,其合成路线如下:

已知:

(1)已知A分子结构中有一个环,A不能使溴水褪色,且核磁共振氢谱图上只有一个峰,则A的结构简式为                

(2)5—氨基酮戊酸盐中含氧官能团的名称是        ,C→D的反应类型为         

(3)G是B的一种同分异构体,能与NaHCO3溶液反应,能发生银镜反应,1molG与足量金属Na反应能生成1molH2,且G分子中不含甲基,写出一种符合上述条件的G的结构简式                   

(4)写出D→E的反应方程式                                      

(5)已知,请结合题中所给信息,写出由CH3CH2COOH、为原料合成单体的合成路线流程图(无机试剂任选)。

合成路线流程图示例如下:

                                                                

答案

(1)(2分)

(2)羰基、酯基(全对得2分,写一个且正确得1分,出现错写得0分),取代反应(2分)

(3)(任写一个,2分)

(4)(2分)

(5)

(4分,第一步错全错,条件错不得分)

(1)根据A的性质可知,A的结构应该是对称的,所以结构简式为

(2)根据5—氨基酮戊酸盐的结构简式可知,分子中含氧官能团的名称是羰基、酯基;根据CD的结构简式可知,生成物还有HCl,即相当于是氨基的氢原子被取代,所以应该是取代反应。

(3)能与NaHCO3溶液反应,能发生银镜反应,所以还有羧基和醛基。又因为1molG与足量金属Na反应能生成1molH2,所以还还有1个羟基,因此可能的结构简式为

(4)根据原子守恒可知,反应的方程式为

(5)考查有机物的合成,一般采用逆推法。属于高分子化合物,且是甲聚产物,其单体是,所以合成路线是

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Since 1975 advocates of humane treatment of animals have broadened their goals to oppose the use of animals for fur, leather, wool, and food. They have mounted protests against all forms of hunting and the trapping of animals in the wild. And they have joined environmentalists in urging protection of natural habitats from commercial or residential development. The occasion for these added emphases was the publication in 1975 of "Animal Liberation: A New Ethics for Our Treatment of Animals" by Peter Singer, formerly a professor of philosophy at Oxford University in England. This book gave a new impetus to the animal rights movement. The post-1975 animal rights activists are far more vocal than their predecessors, and the organizations to which they belong are generally more radical. Many new organizations are formed. The tactics of the activists are designed to catch the attention of the public.

Since the mid-1980s there have been frequent news reports about animal right organizations picketing stores that sell furs, harassing hunters in the wild, or breaking into laboratories to free animals. Some of the extreme organizations advocate the use of assault, armed terrorism, and death threats to make their point. Aside from making isolated attacks on people who wear fur coats or trying to prevent hunters from killing animals, most of the organizations have directed their tactics at institutions.

The results of the protests and other tactics have been mixed. Companies are reducing reliance on animal testing. Medical research has been somewhat curtailed by legal restrictions and the reluctance of younger workers to use animals in research. New tests have been developed to replace the use of animals. Some well-known designers have stopped using fur. While the public tends to agree that animals should be treated humanely, most people are unlikely to give up eating meat or wearing goods made from leather and wool.

Giving up genuine fur has become less of a problem, since fibers used to make fake fur such as the Japanese invention Kane car on can look almost identical to real fur. Some of the pest opposition to the animal rights movement has come from hunters and their organizations. But animal rights activists have succeeded in marshaling public opinion to press for state restrictions on hunting in several parts of the nation.

It seems that the author of this article()

A. is ply opposed to the animal rights movement

B. is in favor of the animal rights movement

C. supports the use of violence in animal protection

D. hates the use of fake fur for clothes