问题 综合题

(16分)阅读下列材料,回答下列问题:

材料一(东京)街南桑家瓦子,……瓦中多有货药、卖卦、喝故衣、探搏、饮食、剃剪、纸画、令曲之类。 ——(宋)孟元老《东京梦华录》卷二

梨园演戏,……两淮盐务中尤为绝出。例蓄花、雅两部、以备演唱,雅部即昆腔,花部为京腔、秦腔、戈阳腔、梆子腔、罗罗腔、二簧调、统谓之乱弹班。 

——(清)钱泳《履园丛话》卷十二

金阊(今苏州城西南)商贾云集,宴会无时,戏馆数十处,每日演剧。

——(清)顾公燮《消夏闲记摘抄》卷上

豆棚茅舍,邻里聚谈,父诫其子,兄勉其弟,多举戏曲上之言词事实,以为资料,与文人学子引证格言、历史无异。         ——高劳《东方杂志·农村之娱乐》卷十四

(1)材料中的“花、雅两部”不断融合兼收,最终导致哪一剧种的形成?(1分)依据材料并结合所学知识,简要分析戏曲发展的主要原因(2分)和戏曲的主要社会功能。(2分)

材料二  19世纪现实主义文学思潮是在特定的社会历史背景下产生的,它的形成是社会对文学的必然要求的结果。现实主义摒弃浪漫主义的主观想象和抒情性,通过对社会作如实细致的描绘,揭露社会的黑暗,展示物挤压下的各种心态,并倡导社会改良作为创作方法和艺术精神,现实主义早在古希腊文学中就已经存在,即使是与现实主义相对立的浪漫主义文学,也为现实主义的繁荣做了准备,它是现实的创造,也是历史的继承。

(2)根据材料二及所学知识,说明现实主义文学产生的“特定的社会历史背景” (2分),并举出这一文学流派的主要特点。(2分)举出两位现实主义作家及其作品。(2分)

材料三 突然之间……有什么东西发出的声响,画面在抖动,你简直不敢相信自己的眼睛……我们面前沸腾着奇妙的生活……突然之间,它消失了。我们面前呈现……一块白色的银幕,看来上面什么都没有了。           ──高尔基

(3)材料一描述的是什么现象?(1分)结合所学知识分析这一艺术兴起的原因。(2分)以上艺术形式对人类生活有什么影响?(2分)

答案

(1)京剧;(1分)原因:商业的发展,城市的繁荣,市民阶层的扩大。(2分)功能:休闲娱乐功能,社会教化功能。(2分,写出一点即可)

(2)背景:19世纪30年代以后,伴随着工业革命在欧美的发展,资本主义经济的迅速发展,资本主义国家的社会矛盾日益尖锐。(2分)特点:关注社会问题,典型的再现社会风貌。深入剖析社会生活的本质,揭露和批判社会的罪恶。(2分)

(3)电影放映。(1分)

原因:①19世纪末第二次工业革命的进行,使人类社会进入电气时代,为电影诞生提供了物质基础;②人类社会发生巨大变化,人类新的精神需求为其诞生提供精神动力;③商业利益的驱动为其诞生提供了物质动力;④19世纪末摄影技术、曝光技术等的发明,则提供了技术基础。(2分,写出任意一点即可)

影响:极大地丰富了人们的文化生活;改变着人们的生活方式和生活理念;对人们的日常生活乃至世界政治、经济、文化都产生重要的影响。(2分,写出两点即可)

阅读理解

Dear Chicken Soup for the Teenage Soul,

Most people don’t really know what pressures a typical teenager has to go through. Sure, our parents and grandparents were once teens, but things are so different now. It has never been to tougher (严格)to a teenager.

It had never been more important to be in the “right group” or to have the “right brand” of shoes. And those are the easy things to deal with. We also face problems with family, friends, relationships and school pressures.

When it gets to be too much, I turn to my friends. One friend I could not live without is Chicken Soup for the Teenage Soul. Your books have been so inspiring to me and have helped me to deal with and understand the problems I go through.

For example, I went through a confusing time with my friends when we got to junior high. I had known these friends since kindergarten, and when we began junior high it seemed like some of them began to change. We started hanging out with different groups, and we slowly grew so far apart that it seemed as if we had never been friends. I felt confused and hurt.

Sometime during this period I read the story Friends Forever in Chicken Soup for the Teenage Soul Ⅱ.I felt so much better after reading it. It was like a weight had been lifted from me when I realized that many friendships went through changes and that we weren’t the only friends to experience them.

People change, but that doesn’t mean we have to lose the friendships we once shared. My friends and I still spend time together when we can and care about each other a lot. That things are different doesn’t mean I have to forget about all the good times we had. I will always keep the memories in a safe place in my heart.

Sincerely,

Peter

小题1:According to the author, parents and grandparents

A.didn’t have to overcome difficulties when in their teens.

B.don’t fully understand the pressures of being a teenager now

C.can easily deal with things such as choosing friends and shoes.

D.don’t need to give help to teenagers with pressures and problems小题2:Why did the author feel confused and hurt when he got to junior high?

A.Because he was afraid that he had lost his friends.

B.Because he and his friends weren’t in the same school.

C.Because he was too busy to be with his friends.

D.Because his friends refused to hang out with him.小题3:What does the underlined word “them” in Para.5 refer to?

A.Friendships.

B.Changes.

C.Friends.

D.Pressures小题4:In the letter the author mainly tells us that

A.people change but friendships always last.

B.changes sometimes cause hurt and confusion

C.people will go through many changes in life

D.friendships should be kept with skills

判断题