问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面选文,完成题。(共9分)

才进校门,高年级同学就带着我们参观北大图书馆。当时,好像还看了一个介绍图书馆的纪录片。入学之初那句颇为雄壮的誓言——“我不仅为北大感到骄傲,也要让北大为我感到自豪”——在图书馆大楼的映衬下骤然显得苍白无力。我紧闭着嘴,心头涌起一种近乎绝望的感觉:400多万册图书!实在难以想像。而其中我所读过的,大概连这个数学的最小的零头都不到吧!不知怎么,我回忆起了1983年在青岛过夏令营时发生的一件事情:记得那时灯已熄了,我们在黑暗里躺在床上,随意聊着天儿。我和领队的那个女老师正说得津津有味,我上铺的女孩子却忽然哭了起来。我们惊讶地问她怎么了,她呜咽着答道:你们知道那么多,可我什么也不懂……”如今,我和女老师的谈话早忘得一干二净了,可那个女孩子的呜咽反倒长久而清晰地留存在心中。当我随着面孔尚未记熟的新同学一起走出图书馆的时候,我似乎刚刚理解了那因为自己的无知而抽泣的女孩……

自从小心翼翼地佩戴上那枚白色校徽起,北大就不再是照片上的影像,不再是车窗外一掠而过的建筑,不再是小女孩子心中珍藏的梦想,而是需要用全部清醒的意识来对付的;不折不扣的现实了。假如一生可以划分成许多阶段,那么与北大的际遇,便是又一个新的开始。

可不,是开始——开始做美得有点迷离的梦,开始对从未涉足过的世界进行探寻。当我在图书馆里一排一排落上了些许灰尘的书架间徜徉,我觉得自己就像是童话里的女孩,怀着激动不安的心情启开了闪闪发光的仙宫大门。有时,并不急着翻检借阅,只在书垛给我留出的窄窄小径上慢慢地走来走去,以目光抚爱每册图书。中文的、英文的,都在以互不相同的沉默的语言,向我发出低低的絮语和呼唤。渐渐地,我的心情也变得和它们一样:沉静,愉悦,安详。

就这样,简单而又美好地,北大为一个渴望以有限的生命拥抱永恒的小女孩打开了一扇神奇的窗子,从这里微风吹拂的窗口,透进纯洁的真理之光。宇宙与人开始以全新的面目呈现在我眼前,我开始思索,开始怀疑,开始摒弃,开始相信。北大为我展示了一个动人的新世界,在这令我惊喜的天地里,我渴望生活,渴望创造,渴望有一副轻灵的翅膀,摆脱这沉重的肉体的束缚,在无际的天空自由地飞翔!

小题1:用一句话简要的概括选文的内容。(1分)

                                                                              

小题2:“我不仅为北大感到骄傲,也要让北大为我感到自豪”这两句雄壮“誓言”的意思是什么?(2分)

                                                                        

小题3:“我紧闭着嘴,心头涌起一种近乎绝望的感觉”如何理解“涌”字的含义? (2分)

                                                                              

小题4:作者在北大图书馆面前为什么会想起过夏令营时的小女孩来? (2分)

                                                                              

小题5:同在北大图书馆,为什么作者一开始感觉“几乎绝望”后来又感觉“沉静、愉悦、安详”? (2分)

                                                                              

                                                                   

答案

小题1:北大图书馆给“我”的巨大影响。

小题2:“我”所向往热爱的北大是中国乃至全世界都著名的大学,“我”为之感到骄傲,“我”要在北大学有所成并做出成绩,为北大增光添彩,让北大因为有“我”这样的学生而自豪。

小题3:“涌”写出作者此时感慨之多之快,自责、愧疚和渴望学习等各种复杂的感情一齐涌上心头。

小题4:当年那个小姑娘的感觉也正是“我”此时的感觉。由理解那位因无知而抽泣的小姑娘而表现出“我”的渴望学习。

小题5:开始时感到“绝望”是因为400多万册近似天文数字的藏书,展示了知识海洋的浩瀚,“我”觉得自己的“誓言”难以实现。后来变得“沉静、愉悦、安详”是因为随着学习的深入,作者觉得北大为她“展示了一个动人的新世界”,同时也感到了“誓言”的可行性。

小题1:题目分析:概括主要事件首先要提取以下关键信息:“人物:我;事件:我与内大图书馆之间的渊源;结果:对我的一生产生了巨大影响”,联系原文,再将这些信息进行整合、润色,便可概括出选文的内容。

点评:解答本题时,要认真阅读文章,找出关键信息。概括故事内容时,人物、事件、结果等这些信息都不能缺少,且语言要简练。

小题2:题目分析:“我不仅为北大感到骄傲,也要让北大为我感到自豪”:北大是中国乃至全世界都著名的大学,“我”为之感到骄傲。被打为我展示了一个动人的新世界,在这令我惊喜的天地里,我渴望生活,渴望创造,渴望有一副轻灵的翅膀,摆脱这沉重的肉体的束缚,在无际的天空自由地飞翔! “我”要在北大学有所成并做出成绩,为北大增光添彩,让北大因为有“我”这样的学生而自豪。

点评:怎样才能使思维直切要点,快速准确地分析其含义和作用呢?对于运用了修辞手法的句子含义的分析必须理清它所运用的修辞手法,根据所学修辞的知识,明确作者所要表达的意思,然后把所用修辞去除,用自己平实的语言把反话说正,委婉说直,比喻说清楚,象征说明白。意思隐晦难懂的句子,或深奥,或抽象,或省略,我们应该把深奥说浅显,抽象说具体,省略补完整。

小题3:题目分析:“我紧闭着嘴,心头涌起一种近乎绝望的感觉”,这是作者参观了北大的图书馆之后内心产生的感受,一个“涌”字,既写出了作者此时感慨之多之快,“一种近乎绝望的感觉”包括自责、愧疚和渴望学习等各种复杂的感情。

点评:解答理解词语含义类题目时,要结合所给的词语含义和具体的语言环境来作答。在平时的学习过程中,要注意积累,特别是容易混淆的词语,不能仅凭字面意思来理解词语含义。

小题4:题目分析:站在北大图书馆面前,“我”感到了自己的渺小和无知,而当年那个小姑娘也正是为自己的孤陋寡闻而感到难过,作者此时的感觉正是当年那个小姑娘的感觉,同时也表现出作者渴望学习新知识的迫切心理。

点评:推测写作意图就要知道写文章(段落、情节)是为了什么,达到什么目的。它不仅要求了解内容,还要了解作者的口气,分析作者的叙述方法,这样才能推断出写作目的。除此外,还要注意文章的主题大意。虽然写作目的和文章大意是两回事,但把握文章的中心思想对于推测写作目的大有帮助。判断写作目的,还要注意作者材料的详略安排。

小题5:题目分析:作者一开始感觉“几乎绝望”: 400多万册图书!实在难以想像。而其中“我”所读过的,大概连这个数字的最小的零头都不到吧! “当我在图书馆里一排一排落上了些许灰尘的书架间徜徉,我觉得自己就像是童话里的女孩,怀着激动不安的心情启开了闪闪发光的仙宫大门。有时,并不急着翻检借阅,只在书垛给我留出的窄窄小径上慢慢地走来走去,以目光抚爱每册图书。中文的、英文的,都在以互不相同的沉默的语言,向我发出低低的絮语和呼唤。渐渐地,我的心情也变得和它们一样:沉静,愉悦,安详”。

点评:根据文章的情节揣摩人物的心理活动,可以从文章的情节,接着是人物的语言动作以及神态。要将人物的心理整合到文章中去等角度去揣摩。联系文中人物的语言、动作和文中叙述的事件,再结合自己的生活经历,来分析人物的心理活动。

不定项选择
阅读理解

William H. Gates is chairperson and chief software architect of Microsoft Corporation.the  worldwide  leader in software  services  and  internet technologies for personal and business computing.

Bill Gates was born on October 28.1 955 in a family having rich business,political and community service background.His great—grandfather was a state legislator(立法者)and a mayor,his grandfather was vice president of national bank and his father was a lawyer.

Bill strongly believes in hard work. He believes that if you are intelligent and know how to apply your intelligence,you can achieve anything.From childhood Bill was ambitious, intelligent and competitive.These qualities helped him to attain top position in the profession he chose.1n school,he had an excellent record in mathematics and science.Bill’s parents came to know their son’s  intelligence and decided to send him to a private school,known for its good academic environment.It was a very important decision in Bill Gates’ life where he was first introduced to a computer.Bill Gates and his friends were very much interested in computer and formed “programmer’s Group” in late l968.

Later,Bill Gates and his close friend Allen started a new company of their own,Traf-O-Data.They developed a small computer to measure traffic flow.From this project they earned around$20,000.In 1973.he left home for Harvard University.He did well over there,but he couldn’t find it interesting.He spent many long nights in front of the school’s computer and the next day asleep in class.

Within a year.Bill Gates dropped out from Harvard.Then he formed Microsoft.Microsoft’s vision is“ A computer on every desk and Microsoft software on every computer”.His belief in high intelligence and hard work has put him where he is today.He does not believe in mere(纯粹的)luck,but just hard work and competitiveness.

Bill Gates is not a greedy person.In fact,he is quite a giving person when it comes to computers,internet and any kind of funding.Several years ago, he visited Chicago’s Einstein Elementary School and announced grants benefiting Chicago’s schools and museums where he donated(捐款)a total of $1 1 0,000,a bunch of computers,and provided internet connectivity to a number of schools.Secondly,Bill Gates donated 38 million dollars for the building of a computer institute at Stanford University.Gates has decided to give away 95%of all his earnings when he retires.

小题1:.How old was Bill Gates when he retired from Microsoft in late June of 2008?

A.52.

B.55.

C.60.

D.62.小题2:.What does Bill Gates believe are most important in achieving success?

A.Intelligence and luck.

B.Hard work and intelligence.

C.Money and interest.

D.Good education and ambition.小题3:.What is the most important turning point in Bill Gates’ life?

A.He left home for Harvard University.

B.He dropped out from Harvard University.

C.He and his friend Allen started a new company.

D.He was sent to a private school where he first studied computer.小题4:.What kind of person can we say about Bill Gates?

A.Wealthy,greedy and successful.

B.Ambitious,Intelligent and selfish.

C.Intelligent.successful and generous.

D.Lazy,intelligent and competitive.