问题 单项选择题 A1/A2型题

在肠梗阻非手术治疗中,下述观察项目最重要的是()

A.腹膜刺激征

B.脉搏增快

C.腹胀较前明显

D.肠鸣音较前减弱

E.腹痛加重

答案

参考答案:A

解析:肠梗阻最主要的临床症状是腹痛、呕吐、腹胀、停止排气排便四大症状。肠梗阻的治疗包括非手术治疗和手术治疗,治疗方法的选择根据梗阻的原因、性质、部位以及全身情况和病情严重程度而定。不论采用何种治疗均首先纠正梗阻带来的水、电解质与酸碱紊乱,改善患者的全身情况。肠梗阻的治疗原则:①纠正水、电解质、酸碱平衡失调;②补充循环血量;③降低肠内张力;④使用抗生素,防治感染;⑤解除梗阻原因,恢复肠道通畅;⑥手术处理肠绞窄。肠梗阻非手术治疗包括:胃肠减压、液体治疗、营养支持治疗和抗生素治疗,观察项目中最重要的是腹膜刺激征。腹膜刺激征:有腹肌紧张、反跳痛和肠鸣音的出现,常提示肠梗阻发展到无法保守治疗的阶段,需要手术解除梗阻。故答案应选A。

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·Read the following passage and choose the best word for each space.
Do you want to send an e-mail message to the White House
Good luck.
In the past, (26) President Bush — or at least those assigned to read his mail — what was (27) your mind it was necessary only to sit down at a personal computer connected to the lnternet and (28) a note to president@ whitehouse.gov.
But this week, Tom Matzzie, an online organizer with the A.F.L.-C.I.O., discovered that (29) with the White House had become a bit more (30) . When Mr. Matzzie sent an e-mail protesting (31) a Bush administration policy, the message was bounced back With an automated reply, saying he had to send it again in a new way.
Under a system (32) on the White House Website (33) the first time last week, those who want to send a message to President Bush must now (34) as many as nine Web pages and (35) a detailed form that starts by asking whether the message sender supports White House policy (36) differs with it.
The white House says the new e-mail system is an effort to be more responsive (37) the public and offer the administration "real time" access (38) citizen comments.
Completing a message to the president also requires (39) a subject from the provided list, then entering a full name, organization, address and e-mail address. (40) the message is sent, the writer must wait for an automated response (41) his message, (42) whether the addressee intended to send the message. The message is delivered to the White House only after the person using that e-mail address (43) it.
"Over (44) , it’s a very cumbersome process," said Jakob Nielsen, an authority on Web design. "It’s probably designed deliberately to (45) on their e-mail.\

A. and askB. askC. asking D. asked