问题 填空题

含苯环的化合物A,相对分子质量为104,碳的质量分数为92.3%。

(1)A的分子式为                  

(2)A与溴的四氯化碳溶液反应的化学方程式为             

(3)一定条件下,A与氢气反应,得到的化合物中碳的质量分数为85.7%,写出此化合物的结构简式                           

(4)在一定条件下,由A聚合得到的高分子化合物的结构简式为        

(5)B是A 的一种同分异构体,且B的一氯代物只有一种,则B的结构简式是           

答案

(10分)(1)C8H8  (2分)   (2)(2分)

(3) (2分) (4)(2分)   (5) (2分)

题目分析:(1)相对分子质量为104,碳的质量分数为92.3%,则A中碳原子数是,则氢原子个数是,所以A的分子式是)C8H8

(2)由于A中含有苯环,所以A应该是苯乙烯,则A与溴的四氯化碳溶液反应的化学方程式为

(3)化合物中碳的质量分数为85.7%,则化合物中碳氢原子的个数之比是。这说明A和氢气是完全加成,即碳碳双键和苯环都被加成,则加成产物的结构简式是

(4)A中含有碳碳双键,因此能发生加聚反应,则在一定条件下,由A聚合得到的高分子化合物的结构简式为

(5)B是A 的一种同分异构体,且B的一氯代物只有一种,所以根据A的化学式可知,B应该是立方烷,则B的结构简式是

点评:该题是高考中的常见题型,属于中等难度的试题。试题基础性强,在注重对学生基础性知识巩固与训练的同时,侧重对学生能力的培养和解题方法的指导,有利于培养学生的创新思维能力和严谨的逻辑推理能力。

阅读理解
任务型读写。阅读下面短文,根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。注意:每个空格
只填一个单词。
     If we agree that the function of education is to prepare us for life, then there is very little time to waste.
So, while we can, we ought to concentrate on teaching children something really useful. Here is what our
school should teach.
     Politeness is a mark of civilization. The sooner children learn this, the better. In any case, a lot can be
accomplished by a smile and good manners.
     Like it or not, our adult lives will be consumed by the struggle for money, but we don't make an effort
to teach children how to manage it. So our schools have a duty to teach them this ability from the beginning.
     We're likely no accepted something we are told, but that's not what educated people do. Educated people
are reasonable and they look at facts. If our schools teach nothing else, they should at least teach critical (批
判性的) thinking.
     Children should learn to take care of their health. They should know that if they eat junk food (垃圾食品),
they will become fat and unhealthy. They should be very clear about what happens to their bodies when they
drink or smoke.
     All of us are part of society. We have rights and responsibilities. We ought to understand what they are.
We have to know a little bit of history and geography, because we need to have an environment in which to
relate to the people around us.
     How will we test students on these? We can't. But that's not a reason to avoid teaching what is important.
Our schools should spend every moment they have telling this to our children:"This is life, this is what you
are going to face, and this is how you deal with it."
TitleVery Useful 1_____
IntroductionEducation should be a 2_____ for life.
AdviceImportant things should be taught in 3_____.
Teaching 4_____  ●How to behave 5_____
●The basic skill of 6_____ money
●How to 7_____ in a critical way
●How to keep 8_____
●The rights and responsibilities one has in 9_____
ConclusionChildren should be taught what 10_____ is and how to deal with it.
判断题