问题 阅读理解与欣赏

那些雪,那些暖

丁立梅

①南方的朋友,给我讲了一个故事。雪在南方成灾的时候,她所在的城,也被大雪所困,全城停电停水,一到夜晚,整个城,黑的让人恐慌。

②那晚,朋友下班回家,曾经灯光活泼的窗口,变得黑沉沉一片。一个城,寂静如荒岛。朋友家在五楼,黑暗中,楼梯充满恐怖地对着她。她迈着沉重的步子上楼,想着那长长的楼梯,她该如何一步一步走到头,心里顿时凄凉暗生,一漫一大片。

③这时,朋友突然听到身后的门,“吱呀”一声开了,一束手电筒的光照过来,暗黑的楼梯上,霎时跳跃着温暖的光芒。朋友回过头去,灯光处,隐约看见一个大人和一个孩子的身影。孩子举着手电筒,温暖的光芒,一直把她送至五楼。

④朋友说,这辈子,她都不会忘记那束灯光,于漆黑寒冷中,把她无助的心,焐得温热潮湿。

⑤我的另一个朋友,也给我讲了一个有关雪有关温暖的故事。那是春节返家的途中,她所乘的中巴车,被大雪困在一座桥上。在等待救援的过程中,一车的人,又冷又饥。大家焦虑不已,一边抱怨着,一边诅咒着外面的雪。突然,雪地里,一个农民远远地来了。肩上担着副担子,担子两头,挑着两只铅桶。扁担头上,挂着一些白瓷缸,随着他的走动,白瓷缸叮当作响。车上有人苦笑说,这个农民真聪明,知道趁火打劫呢,准是高价来卖什么吃的了。

⑥近了。一张黑脸庞,笑吟吟地贴在车窗外。大雪的天,他的额上,居然沁出细密的汗。司机打开车门跳下车,他跟司机嘀咕了两句,司机一脸是笑,赶紧把他让上车。他歇下担子,揭开挑来的铅桶,里面热腾腾的,竟全是生姜红糖水。他舀满了一瓷缸,端上,憨憨地笑着对车上人说:“冻坏了吧?生姜茶驱寒,你们将就着喝点,暖暖身子吧。”

⑦一车人,都喝了他的生姜茶。一车人的心,都被他的生姜茶烫暖了。大家要给他钱,他吓得双手直摇,连说,使不得使不得,一点生姜茶,哪能要钱呢。赶紧挑起他的空担子,走了。一车人目送他走远,眼前困住他们的雪,也变得可爱起来。一瓷缸姜茶的温暖,从此留在他们心上。

⑧看报,看到河北唐山市13个农民的事迹。南方雪灾,让他们坐立不安。他们自掏腰包,自发组成一支抗灾抢险队伍,于大年三十这天,千里迢迢奔赴受灾最严重的郴州,冲到抗灾最前线,吃尽辛苦。他们中年龄最大的62岁,年龄最小的,仅19岁。

⑨他们的理由,简单而朴素:当年唐山大地震时,是全国人民帮了他们的,现在,是他们回报的时候了。

⑩这世上,真诚的付出,从来不会落空。当你送出了你的温暖,总有一天,它会带着他人的体香,重又回到你身边,慰藉你的寒冷和困厄。

小题1:下列对文章理解和分析不正确的一项是( )(3分)

A.文章通过三个故事告诉我们:身处这个世界上,我们应怀一颗感恩之心生活,学会付出爱。

B.文中画线的句子运用了环境描写的方法。突出停电后城市和楼梯的恐怖,反衬那束手电光芒给人带来的别样的光明和温暖。

C.文中的第二个故事运用了情景交融的手法,表现了那位农民乐观向上的高尚情操。

D.文章的结尾处是本文的“点睛”语段,深化了文章的主题。小题2:文章记叙了“有关雪有关温暖”的三个故事,请你概括。(3分)

小题3:揣摩下列句子中划线词语表达的妙处。(3分)

心里顿时凄凉暗生,一一大片。

小题4:试结合第⑥⑦两段内容,具体分析那位送生姜茶农民的性格特征。(6分)

小题5:作者在文章结尾说:“这世上,真诚的付出,从来不会落空。当你送出了你的温暖,总有一天,它会带着他人的体香,重又回到你身边,慰藉你的寒冷和困厄”请结合这一语段,联系实际谈谈你读了上文后的感受。(50字左右)(5分)

答案

小题1:C

小题2:(1)小孩用手电照“我”的朋友上五楼。(2)一农民免费送生姜茶给大雪中困在桥上中巴车里的乘客喝。(3)唐山农民自费组队赴郴州抢险救灾。

小题3:“漫”形象地写出了“凄凉”如水般滋生,(1分)突出其速度之快,数量之多,内心全被凄凉占据。(2分)

小题4:示例:“一张黑脸庞,笑吟吟地贴在车窗外。”从这一神态描写中看到了农民的憨厚个性。“他舀满了一瓷缸,端上,憨憨地笑着对车上人说:‘冻坏了吧?生姜茶驱寒,你们将就着喝点,暖暖身子吧’”从神态和语言的描写中看出了那位农民的憨厚、淳朴、善良。 “大家要给他钱,他吓得双手直摇,连说,使不得使不得,一点生姜茶,哪能要钱呢。赶紧挑起他的空担子,走了。”从这段的描写中看到了那位农民的无私和富有爱心。(只答个性特特征:“淳朴、善良,憨厚、无私,富有爱心。”每一点得1分共3分。如果有具体准确的分析得满分,如果有分析而不够准确可酌情扣分。)

小题5:略

小题1:题目分析:文中的第二个故事写一农民免费送生姜茶给大雪中困在桥上中巴车里的乘客喝,表现了那位农民淳朴、善良,憨厚、无私,富有爱心,而不是乐观向上的高尚情操。所以C项分析错了。

点评:根据文段的内容分析各个选项的正误,务必要结合文段的内容。做题时首先要对文段有一个大致的正确理解,其次在审清各选项的基础上,从文段中寻找到相关语句仔细读一读,找找说法有没有出入。根据相关语句的内容把错误的选项挑出来。

小题2:题目分析:根据“3、6、8小节”的内容进行概括“三个小故事”即可。答题的格式为:什么人在什么地方做了什么事。

点评:这类题目比较容易。首先整体理解选文,到问题出现的语段去寻找答案,然后能用原文语句回答则用原文语句回答,也有的要提取原句的一部分,具体情况根据问题和选文内容而定。解答这类题的思路一般为:什么人在什么时候做了什么事。

小题3:题目分析:“漫”的本义是“水向四面八方流淌”,这里显然不是要理解其本意,而是要根据具体的语境理解其语境意,只要根据当时人物的心情来品味即可。“窗口”:黑沉沉一片;“城”:寂静如荒岛;“楼梯”:充满恐怖,这些环境描写烘托了“朋友”当时陡感凄凉的心情。

点评:理解文章语句的含义,一要结合具体的语境,而要结合文中人物的情感。根据词句原本意义,结合具体语境,理解、分析、推断词句的不同含义,去深入理解词句的真正含义。要特别注意,这类试题,往往不是要问词句的表面意义,如果简单地理解为词句的表层意思,就容易理解偏差。

小题4:题目分析:根据文章对“农民”“车上的乘客”的具体描写来分析那位送生姜茶农民的性格特征即可。“笑吟吟”、“憨憨地笑着”,从神态描写中表现出那位农民的憨厚、淳朴;“他的额上,居然沁出细密的汗”、 “你们将就着喝点,暖暖身子吧’”从外貌和语言描写中表现出那位农民的热情、善良。“大家要给他钱,他吓得双手直摇,连说,使不得使不得”,从动作和语言描写中表现出那位农民的无私和乐于助人。

点评:分析人物形象,除了抓住人物的语言、神态、动作、心理等描写来分析人物形象,还要抓住有关人物的典型情节。

小题5:题目分析:本题是一道开放题。结合文章的主题“付出总有回报”来谈读了本文的感受,言之有理即可。

示例:“送人玫瑰,手有余香”,身处这个世界上,我们应怀一颗感恩之心生活,学会付出爱。在温暖他人的时候,芬芳自己。

点评:此题为开放题,没有唯一答案,但要语句通顺,有理解有感悟,但一定要结合文章内容,并联系生活实际.要求感悟真切,联想合理,中心明确,语言通顺。

单项选择题
阅读理解

I came to study in the United States a year ago. Yet, I did not know the real American society until I was injured in a car accident because after the car accident I had to see a doctor---- and go to court(法庭).

After the accident, my roommate called a doctor for me. I was very grateful and determined to repay him one day. But the next day, he asked me to pay him $200 for what he had done. I was astonished. He had good reason to charge me, he said. And if I wanted to collect money from the person who was responsible for my injury. I’d have to have a good lawyer. And only a good doctor can help me get a good lawyer. Now that he had helped me find a good doctor, it was only fair that I should pay him.

But every time I want to see doctor, I had to wait about 50 minutes. He would see two or three patients at the same time, and often stop treating one so as to see another. Yet he charged me $115 each time. The final examination report consisted of ten lines and it cost me $215.

My lawyer was all smiles the first time we met. But after that he avoided seeing me at all. He knew very well the other party was responsible for the accident, yet he hardly did anything. He simply waited to collect his money. He was so irresponsible that I decided to dismiss him. And he made pay him $770.

Now I had to act as my own lawyer. Due to my inexperience, I told the insurance(保险) company the date I was leaving American. Knowing that, they played for time,….. and I left without getting a cent.

My experience taught me two things about America: firstly, in a country like America money is everything. It is more important than friendship, honor or professional morality(职业道德). Secondly foreigners are still being treated unfairly. So when we talk about America, we should see both its good and bad sides.

小题1:The author’s roommate offered to help him because ------------.

A.he felt sorry for the author

B.he thought it was a chance to make some money

C.he knew the doctor was a very good one

D.he wanted the author to have a good lawyer小题2:The word “charge” in this passage means ----------.

A.be responsible

B. accuse

C.ask as a price

D.claim小题3:Both the doctor and the lawyer in the passage are very ----------.

A.friendly

B.greedy

C.professional

D.busy小题4:What conclusion can you draw from the story?

A.Going to court is something very common in America

B.One must very careful while driving a car

C.There are more bad sides in America than good sides

D.Money is more important than other things in America