问题 阅读理解与欣赏

藤野先生(14分)

  过了一星期,大约是星期六,他使助手来叫我了。到得研究室,见他坐在人骨和许多单独的头骨中间,——他其时正在研究着头骨,后来有一篇论文在本校的杂志上发表出来。

  A.“我的讲义,你能抄下来么?”他问。

  “可以抄一点。”

  “拿来我看!”

  我交出所抄的讲义去,他收下了,第二三天便还我,并且说,此后每一星期要送给他看一回。我拿下来打开看时,很吃了一惊,同时也感到一种不安和感激。原来我的讲义已经从头到末,都用红笔添改过了,不但增加了许多脱漏的地方,连文法的错误,也都一一订正。这样一直继续到教完了他所担任的功课:骨学,血管学,神经学。

  可惜我那时太不用功,有时也很任性。还记得有一回藤野先生将我叫到他的研究室里去,翻出我那讲义上的一个图来,是下臂的血管,指着,向我和蔼的说道:

  B.“你看,你将这条血管移了一点位置了。——自然,这样一移,的确比较的好看些,然而解剖图不是美术,实物是那么样的,我们没法改换它。现在我给你改好了,以后你要全照着黑板上那样的画。”

  但是我还不服气,口头答应着,心里却想道:

  “图还是我画的不错;至于实在的情形,我心里自然记得的。”

  学年试验完毕之后,我便到东京玩了一夏天,秋初再回学校,成绩早已发表了,同学一百余人之中,我在中间,不过是没有落第。这回藤野先生所担任的功课,是解剖实习和局部解剖学。

  解剖实习了大概一星期,他又叫我去了,很高兴地,仍用了极有抑扬的声调对我说道:

  “我因为听说中国人是很敬重鬼的,所以很担心,怕你不肯解剖尸体。现在总算放心了,没有这回事。”

  但他也偶有使我很为难的时候。他听说中国的女人是裹脚的,但不知道详细,所以要问我怎么裹法,足骨变成怎样的畸形,还叹息道,C.“总要看一看才知道。究竟是怎么一回事呢?”

  …………

  到第二学年的终结,我便去寻藤野先生,告诉他我将不学医学,并且离开这仙台。他的脸色仿佛有些悲哀,似乎想说话,但竟没有说。

小题1:用简洁的语言概括本文段“我”和藤野先生相处的三件事。(3分)

                                                                           

小题2:从出文中A、B、C三处语言描写中任选两句,分别指出其所表现的藤野先生的品质。(3分)

                                                                         

                                                                           

小题3:品味下列语句。(4分)

(1)我拿下来打开看时,很吃了一惊,同时也感到一种不安和感激。(句中加点的词语表现了“我”怎样的心理状态?请简要谈谈你的理解。)

                                                                        

                                                                             

(2)这样一直继续到教完了他所担任的功课:骨学,血管学,神经学。(句中“这样”指什么?)

                                                                        

小题4:“到第二学年的终结,我便去寻藤野先生,告诉他我将不学医学,并且离开这仙台。他的脸色仿佛有些悲哀,似乎想说话,但竟没有说。”藤野先生的话要是说出来,会是怎样的?请你以藤野先生的口吻写下他想说的话。(50字左右)(4分)

                                                                           

                                                                              

答案

小题1:添改讲义;纠正解剖图;了解中国女人的裹脚。(3分,意思对即可)

小题2:A处:体现先生认真负责; B处:治学严谨或一丝不苟的科学态度;  C处:求实的精神。(3分)

小题3:(1)“吃了一惊”是先生竟然给我这个弱国的学生添改讲义;“不安”是因为讲义中很多错漏让先生很费神;“感激”是因为他没有民族偏见,对来自异国他乡、学习有困难的我及时给予热情帮助。(2分)(2)细心修改讲义(2分,意思对即给分)

小题4:略

小题1:题目分析:审题后从前向后读文章,我们可以看出选段共写了三件事,第一件事是为我添改讲义;第二件事是当面给我纠正解剖图;第三件事是向我了解中国女人裹脚。

点评:审题后要确定答题范围,本题的答题范围为全文,所以要从前向后读,根据理解概括出有关谁、什么事,用简洁的语句概括出来即可。

小题2:题目分析:第一处“我的讲义,你能抄下来么”体现先生对工作认真负责、对我这个外国学生很关心。第二处“你看,你将这条血管移了一点位置了。——自然,这样一移,的确比较的好看些,然而解剖图不是美术,实物是那么样的,我们没法改换它。现在我给你改好了,以后你要全照着黑板上那样的画”可以看出先生一丝不苟的科学态度、对学生严格要求。第三处“总要看一看才知道。究竟是怎么一回事呢?”可以体会出先生实事求是的精神和品质。

点评:理解文章语句要坚持“词不离句,句不离篇“的原则,要到问题语句附近的语段中去寻找答案,并结合文章内容整体加以分析,还要注意借助其中的关键语句,组织成切题的语句作答 。在词语的选择上,还要注意文章的写作背景,以选择出恰当的词语。

小题3:题目分析:“吃了一惊、不安和感激” 结合语境可知,“吃了一惊”是因为“我的讲义已经从头到末,都用红笔添改过了,不但增加了许多脱漏的地方,连文法的错误,也都一一订正”,由此可见,“吃惊”写出了我对先生如此认真的为我这个外国学生批讲义感到意外;“不安”是因为我的讲义中有“许多脱漏的地方、文法的错误”;“感激”是因为从先生的举动上我看到了他没有民族偏见的高贵品质。“这样”是代词,代词一般应指代前面的内容,读原文可知,指给我细心修改讲义这一行为。

点评:理解文章语句要坚持“词不离句,句不离篇“的原则,要到词语出现的文章语段中去寻找答案,结合上下文内容做出正确的判断和理解。

小题4:题目分析:“到第二学年的终结,我便去寻藤野先生,告诉他我将不学医学,并且离开这仙台”是“他的脸色仿佛有些悲哀”的原因,由此可知先生“有些悲哀”,如果说话,应该是想说一些挽留、或劝说我继续学医的话。比如:你很有学医的天赋,现在就这样放弃了,我觉得很可惜,你能再考虑考虑吗?

点评:揣摩人物心理活动,一定要根据上下文内容、主题及人物的言行等加以推断。揣摩出人物有可能会有哪些方面的心理,然后结全文章内容用合适的语句表达出来。

单项选择题
单项选择题

Abortion. The word alone causes civil conversation to flee the room. This is largely because the pro-choice and pro-life positions are being defined by their extremes, by those who scream accusations instead of arguments.

More reasonable voices and concerns, on both sides of the fence, are given little attention.

For example, pro-life extremists seem unwilling to draw distinctions between some abortions and others, such as those resulting from rape with an underage child. They would make no exception in the recent real-life case of a woman who discovered in her fifth month that her baby would be born dead due to severe disabilities.

On the other hand, pro-choice extremists within feminism insist on holding inconsistent positions. The pregnant woman has an unquestionable fight to abort, they claim. Yet if the biological father has no say whatsoever over the woman’s choice, is it reasonable to impose legal obligations upon him for child support Can absolute legal obligation adhere without some sort of corresponding legal rights

The only hope for progress in the abortion dialogue lies in the great excluded middle, in the voices of average people who see something wrong with a young girl forced to bear the baby of a rapist.

Any commentary on abortion should include a statement of the writer’s position. I represent what seems to be a growing "middle ground" in pro-choice opinion. Legally, I believe in the right of every human being to medically control everything under his or her own skin. Many things people have a legal right to do, however, seem clearly wrong to me. adultery, lying to friends, walking past someone who is bleeding on the street. Some forms of abortion fall into that category. Morally speaking, my doubts have become so extreme that I could not undergo the procedure past the first three months and I would attempt to dissuade friends from doing so.

Fanatics on both sides are using reprehensible and deceitful tactics. An honest dialogue on abortion must start by re-setting the stage, by denouncing the approaches that block communication.

Who would insist that the baby be born whether or not it is the child of a rapist().

A. The author.

B. Average people.

C. A pro-choice advocate.

D. A pro-life extremist.