问题 问答题

根据给定资料,概括说明人口普查要掌握我国人口哪些方面的基本信息,并分析指出,掌握这些信息对我国经济社会发展的重要意义。
要求:准确、全面、不超过400字。

答案

参考答案:

人口普查要掌握的基本信息有:居民住房的建筑面积和房间数、住房空置情况以及房地产开发企业的住房待售率等住房基本信息;人口数量,人口分布,人口素质,性别比例,人口结构,来历不明以及失踪、被拐的儿童和妇女的情况:一人多户、有户无人等人口虚假情况以及人口增减等变动情况。

人口普查的意义:第一,有利于政府更好地制定和实施经济社会发展政策,为我国经济社会全面协调可持续发展提供重要依据。第二,为政府合理分配公共资源,推进公共服务均等化,加强社会管理提供重要的参考依据。第三,有利于通过人口结构优化促进产业结构调整和经济可持续发展。第四,有利于保障流动人口、计划外生育者等人群的基本权利,使其享有同样的社会福利、医疗、教育权利。第五,及时准确了解人口状况,掌握性别、年龄等信息比例有利于国家及时调整人口战略、维持社会的稳定与和谐。

解析:

[解题思路]

阅读题干,审清题意

本题实际包括两小问:一是人口普查要掌握我国人口哪些方面的基本信息;二是掌握这些信息对于我国经济社会发展的重要意义。因此,本题应分两部分进行作答。

本题虽没有限制范围,但可大致推导出来,目前申论中与作答无关的材料越来越少。第二题作答范围是给定资料5,第三题作答范围是给定资料6~8,第四题一般是依据所有给定材料。因此第一题的作答要点可能主要散布在给定资料1~4中。而通过仔细阅读材料,也会发现只有给定资料1~4与第一题有关联。

阅读材料,提取要点

资料1反映了人口普查要掌握的基本信息之一:居民住房的建筑面积和房间数、住房空置情况以及房地产开发企业的住房待售率等住房基本信息。同时,从宏观角度说明了人口普查的意义:客观摸清人口信息,可以了解我国的国情国力,为我国经济社会全面协调可持续发展提供重要依据。

资料2涉及的内容比较多,主要反映了人口规模、人口素质、人口分布、居住环境、人口结构等问题。而人口普查恰恰有利于以上问题的解决,比如:为政府合理分配公共资源,推进公共服务均等化,加强社会管理提供重要的数据依据;有利于摸清人口结构失衡的现状及原因,以实现人口结构优化,有利于推进产业结构调整和经济的可持续发展。

资料3提示我们的有关人口普查的基本信息有:来历不明、疑似被拐儿童妇女和失踪被拐儿童妇女的情况:“一人多户、有户无人”等人口虚假增长的情况;人口增减的变动情况;性别比例情况。由该材料可以获知的人口普查的积极意义有:及时了解人口状况和性别比失衡状况有利于国家及时调整人口战略、维持社会的稳定与和谐。

资料4介绍了人口学研究的背景、必要性以及国外一些国家和地区人口普查的经验和做法。

资料5主要说明的是某市在人口普查工作中遇到的主要问题;资料6~8则是围绕着人口老龄化问题展开的。对于本题没有什么借鉴意义

加工要点,组织答案

将要点进行分类,人口普查的基本信息划为一类,人口普查的意义划为一类,然后按照一定的逻辑顺序组织加工即可。在阐述意义时要注意,人口普查的目的在于搜集资料和数据,并不能直接推动经济社会发展,因此措辞一定要合理。

单项选择题
完形填空

阅读下面短文,并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。(请将答案写在答题卡上相应番号后的横线上)

Perhaps you are an average student with average intelligence. However, you can receive better grades if you want. Yes, even students with average intelligence can be top students without additional work. Here’s how:

1.Plan your time carefully. Make a list of your weekly tasks. Then make a schedule of your time. Be sure to set aside enough time to complete your normal reading and work assignments. Of course, studying shouldn’t occupy all of the free time on the schedule.

2.Make good use of your time in class. Listening to what the teacher says in class means less work later. Take notes to help you remember what the teacher says.

3.Skim before you read. Look over a passage quickly before you begin to read it more carefully. As you preview the material, you get some idea of the content and how it is organized. Later when you begin to read you will recognize less important material and you may skip some of these portions, Skimming(略读)helps double your reading speed and improve your comprehension as well.

4.      . Go over your notes as soon as you can after class. Review important points mentioned in class as well as points you remain confused. If you know what the teacher will discuss the next day, skim and read that material, too. If you review your notes and textbook regularly, the material will become more meaningful and you will remember it longer. Regular review leads to improved performance on tests.

5.Develop a good attitude towards tests. The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject. The world won’t end if you don’t pass a test, so don’t worry excessively(过分地)about a single test.

There are other techniques that might help you with your studying. Improving your studying habits will improve your grades.

小题1:Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?

If you fail an exam, don’t let it trouble you too much.

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小题2:According to the passage, how can an average student improve his/her grades?(within 10 words)

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小题3:Please fill in the blank in the fifth paragraph with a proper sentence. (within 10 words)

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小题4:Which tip do you think is the most useful? Why? (within 20 words)

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小题5:Translate the underlined sentence in the fourth paragraph into Chinese.

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