问题 阅读理解与欣赏

一点一横长

明凤英

①我常常想起我的小学老师,达时雨。

②小时候,学写繁体字。碰上笔画多的,达老师就教我们一些顺口溜。“一点一横长,一撇到南洋。我的耳朵长,我姓王,我今年十四岁,在一心国小上学。”这是繁体“廳”字,大厅的厅,整整二十五笔。

③“一点一横长,二字下面口四方,两边丝绕绕,鸟儿站中央;“这是‘鸞’字,红鸾星动的‘鸾’。”还有“亡、口、月、贝、凡,”这是“赢”字;输赢的赢……

④我们扯开嗓门喊起来,伸出手指把字写在空气里。一时,教室里像是让我们挂满了“廰”字,叮叮当当作响。达老师假装捂起耳朵,说:“你们声音好大!外面的树叶子,花儿都让你们嚷嚷下来了。”大家咧嘴嘻嘻笑起来。教室外面,隔着走廊,木麻黄红艳艳的花瓣正慢慢落下,落在黄土堆上。

⑤达时雨老师是我三、四年级时候的导师,江苏泗水人,1949年到台湾。那时她大约三十几岁,高高的个子,粗密浓黑的长发。自行车来去,娴雅悠闲,软底平鞋,踏地无声。她把自行车停在教室走廊外面,木麻黄树下面,笑眯眯地、无声地走进教室。她上课非常认真,铆足了力气。下课了,她静静坐在教室里,支着头看木麻黄树,笑眯眯地看我们冲进冲出,疯跑一气。她的苏北口音非常甜蜜温柔,棉花糖一样拖长了:“当心摔跤哦。”

⑥达老师并不是一个棉花糖一样的女人。三年级第一天上课,她开口就告诉我们,做什么要像什么。做小学生,就要好好读书,孝顺父母。告诉我们做人不能有虚荣心,要有服务的精神。长大了,做有用的人,为国家社会做事。达老师说她在大陆念女子师范学校,校门口挂了一幅对联,写的是:想做大官的请出去,要做小姐的别进来。她说这些话的时候,凛然正色,字字清楚。我们都安静下来,不敢造次。

⑦达老师教我们成语。从“一”开始。一贫如洗、一介布衣、一曝十寒……好像人生真是件严重的大事,处处都是险滩。一不小心,就要万劫不复。

⑧有一次我家急着要用钱。妈妈苦无对策,叨念告诉我,课后的辅导不上了吧,可以省下30块钱寄给外婆。我听了妈妈的话,不作他想,下课背上书包,大踏步高高兴兴回家了。快出校门的时候,却让达老师给叫住:“为什么不上成语课?”我据实以报:“我家钱紧了。我妈说不上了。”达老师只说:“上课去。”我听了,也不作他想,回头进教室。父母辈疲于奔命,只求喂饱一家人的肚子,竟从来没有察觉什么。事后,我妈也像是压根儿忘了让我不上辅导课的事情。只是此后,我就没有再交过辅导费了。

⑨难得糊涂的日子,如急流湍湍,竟也这样舟行千里。大学毕业后我四处奔走,跟达老师断了联系。多年以后,我才又听到更多达老师的事。达老师是从台北的一处高楼纵身跳下,带着她特有的清高和寂静,离开人世的。

⑩我常常想起达老师支着头,静静坐在教室里看木麻黄树的样子。我没有机会告诉她,当年她讲“想当大官的请出去,想当小姐的别进来”的一刻,曾经多么地让我震动。我也没有机会谢谢她把八岁时候的我,领进了学习的畅想和快乐中。

11想念她的时刻,我是多么愿意,生出彩翼,振翅飞到琼楼高处,把她从孤单绝望的一刻,奋力拉回。回到那“一点一横长,一撇到南洋”的瞬间。

12一点,一横长。一撇无垠,到天涯。

(有删改)

小题1:本文主要通过四个场景回忆了我与达时雨老师相处的日子,请依次概括前三个场景。(每处概括不超过10个字)(共6分)

场景一:                                  场景二:

场景三:                                  场景四:免除我的辅导费

小题2:文章⑩-12段语言饱含感情,请以相关内容为例简要分析。(4分)

答:

小题3:阅读文章②-⑧段,简要分析达老师这一人物形象的特点。(不超过150字)(7分)

答:

答案

小题1:示例:场景一:教我们认字   场景二:提醒我们注意安全   场景三:讲做人的道理   评分标准:共6分,每处2分,意思表达准确即可。

小题2:示例:第⑩段中,用“我没有机会”一句回忆达老师给我的人生观的启蒙,“也没有机会”一句回忆达老师让少年的我快乐成长。没有直抒胸臆的抒情和议论,以平静的口吻叙述几十年前的情境,传达了作者对达老师深厚而浓烈的怀念与感激之情,可谓言有尽而意无穷。

小题3:示例:达老师聪慧可亲、和蔼娴静,教我们认字,用编顺口溜的方式教我们这些活泼好动的小学生;我们学习时高兴地大声喊叫,休息时忘形疯跑,她没有粗暴地批评,而是巧妙地提醒,让我们心悦诚服地接受;达老师正直善良,她严肃地教导我们做人的道理,令我至今难忘,她不动神色地免除我的辅导费,让我无忧无虑地享受学习的快乐。评分标准:共7分。

小题1:题目分析:概括主要事件首先要提取以下关键信息:“人物:达老师、我们;事件:叫我们认字,提醒我们注意安全,给我们讲做人的道理,免除我的辅导费”,联系原文,再将这些信息进行整合、润色,便可概括出选文的故事。

点评:解答本题时,要认真阅读文章,找出关键信息。概括故事内容时,人物、事件、结果等这些信息都不能缺少,且语言要简练。

小题2:题目分析:这些段落都表达了作者对达老师的无限怀念和感激激情,感谢她交给我们知识和做人的道理。结合具体的巨鲸进行分析即可。

点评:怎样才能切准情感把握的脉搏,深入地领会作者的情感态度?(1)联系作品主旨,把握情感态度。在把握作者的情感态度时,往往可以借助或联系主旨来理解。(2)结合关键语句,确定情感态度。作品中的关键性语句,常常出现在文首或文尾,或抒情,或议论,或含有深刻含义。这些语句,往往表明或暗示作品的主旨,从而也显示出了作者的情感态度。(3)根据人物语言,分析情感态度。在分析作者的情感态度时,切不可忽视对文中人物语言的体味,要有结合语言看作者情感的意识,巧妙地将溶入其中的情感态度捕捉到。(4)抓住景物特征,体会情感态度。景物描写,往往为了表现与之相同相似、相关或相对、相反的情感。在分析作者的情感态度时,要善于根据文中的景物描写,由景及人,由表及里;赏其美景,知其深情;观其外表,知其内涵。

小题3:题目分析:读完文章后,一个和蔼可亲、关爱学生的女老师形象跃然纸上,分析其形象的时候,要结合文中的具体事例来分析。

点评:做人物形象分析类题目时,要结合人物具体的言行来分析其精神品质。平时在阅读文章时,要善于分析人物的性格特点和精神品质。

默写题
阅读理解

阅读理解。

     It came as something of a surprise when Diana, Princess of Wales, made a trip to Angola in 2004, to

support the Red Cross's campaign for a total ban on all anti-personnel landmines (地雷). Within hours of

arriving in Angola, television screens around the world were filled with images of her comforting victims

injured in explosions caused by landmines. "I knew the statistics," she said. "But putting a face to those

figures brought the reality home to me; like when I met Sandra, a 13- year-old girl who had lost her leg,

and people like her."

    The Princess concluded with a simple message: "We must stop landmines". And she used every

opportunity during her visit to repeat this message.

    But, back in London, her views were not shared by some members of the British government, which

refused to support a ban on these weapons. Angry politicians launched an attack on the Princess in the

press. They described her as "very ill-informed" and a "loose cannon (乱放炮的人)."

    The Princess responded by brushing aside the criticisms: "This is a distraction we do not need. All I'm

trying to do is help."

    Opposition parties, the media and the public immediately voiced their support for the Princess. To

make matters worse for the government, it soon emerged that the Princess's trip had been approved by

the Foreign Office, and that she was in fact very well-informed about both the situation in Angola and the

British government's policy regarding landmines. The result was a severe embarrassment for the

government.

    To try and limit the damage, the Foreign Secretary, Malcolm Rifkidnd, claimed that the Princess's

views on landmines were not very different from government policy, and that it was "working towards" a

worldwide ban. The Defence Secretary, Michael Portillo, claimed the matter was "a misinterpretation or

misunderstanding."

    For the Princess, the trip to this war-torn country was an excellent opportunity to use her popularity to

show the world how much destruction and suffering landmines can cause. She said that the experience

had also given her the chance to get closer to people and their problems.

1. Princess Diana paid a visit to Angola in 2004________ .  

A. to voice her support for a total ban of landmines

B. to clarify the British government's stand on landmines

C. to investigate the sufferings of landmine victims there

D. to establish her image as a friend of landmine victims

2. What did Diana mean when she said "... putting a face to those figures brought the reality

     home to me" (Line 5, Paragraph 1)?  

A. She just couldn't bear to meet the landmine victims face to face.

B. The actual situation in Angola made her feel like going back home.

C. Meeting the landmine victims in person made her believe the statistics.

D. Seeing the pain of the victims made her realize the seriousness of the situation.

3. Some members of the British government criticized Diana because_________ .

A. she was ill-informed of the government's policy

B. they were actually opposed to banning landmines

C. she had not consulted the government before the visit

D. they believed that she had misinterpreted the situation in Angola

4. How did Diana respond to the criticisms?

A. She paid no attention to them.      

B. She made more appearances on TV.

C. She met the 13-year-old girl as planned.  

D. She rose to argue with her opponents.

5. What did Princess Diana think of her visit to Angola? 

A. It had caused embarrassment to the British government.

B. It had brought her closer to the ordinary people.

C. It had greatly promoted her popularity. 

D. It had affected her relations with the British government.