问题 完形填空
I was nineteen years old the first time I saw my own true character.
My trip to and from work each day included a ten-minute walk through the heart of downtown, where the   36  often gathered. Like most busy citizens, I learned to   37  those nameless faces. When it came to homeless beggars, my   38  life experience had led me to one   39  that they are on the street because they choose to be, probably due to alcohol or drugs.
It was an extremely cold day. When I passed the groups of beggars as usual, I heard a shaky voice target me. 
“Spare some change?” he asked.
I didn’t even   40  looking up at his nameless face. I briefly   41  him walking into a liquor store and buying whiskey with the money we spared him. Like most teenagers, it took me only moments to  42  him.
“I have no money on me,” I said quickly.
Looking back now, I feel as if God had set out that day to teach me a lesson. And God   43 . Just a few feet past him, I managed to find the only ice patch on the sidewalk. I   44  and landed heavily on my right knee. The   45  was almost killing me as I tried to get up. Then I heard a shaky voice only inches above me.
“Are you all right?” he asked.
I knew immediately this was the man I had just rushed past. Even in pain, I   46  took a quick moment to sniff for the smell of alcohol on his breath. There was none. He wasn’t   47 . I saw the   48  in his eyes.
I  49 to get to my feet. He held my arm as I walked difficultly to the nearby bus stop.
“My name is Mike,” he said. “That’s quite a fall you took, and you really need to get it checked by a doctor,” he said with deep   50 .
“This bus goes past the hospital,” I said.
Mike paused, and a look of sudden   51  crossed his face. He reached into his pocket and pulled out a small cup. He took out all the change and held it out toward me.
“I think there’s just enough here for you to take the bus,” he said.
I was highly embarrassed as I remembered my   52 . I reached for my purse and took out my change. At least ten dollars. I offered Mike all my change.
“Thank you and take care of yourself,” I said. Both of us knew that few minutes earlier I couldn’t have   53  what happened to him.
Mike held his cup tightly,   54  it as if it were the first gift he had ever received.
A half cup of change seemed too small a gift for the man who gave a   55  to every nameless face I’ve ever seen.
小题1:
A.doctorsB.beggarsC.citizensD.sellers
小题2:
A.pityB.observeC.forgiveD.ignore
小题3:
A.limitedB.painfulC.meaningfulD.rich
小题4:
A.factB.ruleC.assumptionD.suggestion
小题5:
A.mindB.botherC.avoidD.bear
小题6:
A.imaginedB.followedC.noticedD.heard
小题7:
A.judgeB.stopC.teaseD.blame
小题8:
A.signedB.succeededC.respondedD.approached
小题9:
A.skippedB.dashedC.slippedD.hesitated
小题10:
A.regretB.scareC.coldD.pain
小题11:
A.stillB.everC.yetD.also
小题12:
A.honestB.reliableC.drunkD.shabby
小题13:
A.greedB.surpriseC.sorrowD.sympathy
小题14:
A.failedB.struggledC.hurriedD.chose
小题15:
A.reliefB.satisfactionC.understandingD.concern
小题16:
A.confusionB.realizationC.excitementD.sadness
小题17:
A.lieB.injuryC.promiseD.experience
小题18:
A.knownB.predictedC.caredD.accepted
小题19:
A.treasuringB.protectingC.makingD.showing
小题20:
A.lessonB.nameC.chanceD.fortune
答案

小题1:B

小题2:D

小题3:A

小题4:C

小题5:B

小题6:A

小题7:A

小题8:B

小题9:C

小题10:D

小题11:A

小题12:C

小题13:D

小题14:B

小题15:D

小题16:B

小题17:A

小题18:C

小题19:A

小题20:B

题目分析:作者本来对街上的乞丐是不理睬的,甚至是有些偏见,但是一次经历让他改变了看法。

小题1:考查名词:A. doctors医生B. beggars乞丐C. citizens公民D. sellers销售员,从后面的When it came to homeless beggars,可知商业中心经常聚集一些乞丐。选B

小题2:考查动词:A. pity同情B. observe观察C. forgive原谅D. ignore忽略,句意:向很多繁忙的市民一样,我学会忽视这些没有名字的脸。选D

小题3:考查形容词:A. limited有限的B. painful痛苦的C. meaningful有意义的D. rich富有的,指“有限的人生经历”,选A

小题4:考查名词:A. fact事实B. rule规则C. assumption假设   D. suggestion建议,我有限的人生经历让我假设他们选择这么生活是因为酒精或吸毒。选C

小题5:考查动词:A. mind介意B. bother麻烦C. avoid避免D. bear忍受,我甚至懒得看这个没有名字的脸。选B

小题6:考查动词:A. imagined想象B. followed 跟随C. noticed注意D. heard听见,我只是想象他走进酒店,用我给他的钱买了威士忌。选A

小题7:考查动词:A. judge判断B. stop停止C. tease嘲笑D. blame责备,象很多年轻人一样,我花了几分钟就判断了他。选A

小题8:考查动词:A. signed签名B. succeeded成功C. responded回复D. approached靠近,现在回想起来,那天上帝出来是要给我一个教训,上帝成功了。选B

小题9:考查动词:A. skipped跳跃B. dashed冲C. slipped滑倒D. hesitated犹豫,从后面的heavily on my right knee. 可知作者是滑倒了,选C

小题10:考查名词:A. regret后悔B. scare害怕C. cold冷D. pain疼痛,我起来的时候疼痛几乎要了我的命。选D

小题11:考查副词:A. still仍然B. ever曾经C. yet然而D. also也,即使很疼,我还是用一会儿去嗅他呼吸里面的酒味。选A

小题12:考查形容词:A. honest诚实的B. reliable可靠的C. drunk喝醉的D. shabby破烂的,从前面的There was none.可知他并没有喝醉。选C

小题13:考查名词:A. greed贪婪B. surprise惊讶C. sorrow悲伤D. sympathy同情,我看见他眼睛里面的同情。选D

小题14:考查动词:A. failed失败B. struggled努力C. hurried匆忙D. chose选择,我挣扎着站起来。选B

小题15:考查名词:A. relief缓解B. satisfaction  满意C. understanding理解D. concern关心,从前面的That’s quite a fall you took, and you really need to get it checked by a doctor,可知乞丐很关心作者。选D

小题16:考查名词:A. confusion困惑B. realization意识到C. excitement兴奋D. sadness难过,这里指乞丐突然意识到什么,因为前面作者说他没有零钱。选B

小题17:考查名词:A. lie谎言B. injury受伤C. promise诺言D. experience经验,我想起自己的谎言感到尴尬。选A

小题18:考查动词:A. known知道B. predicted预测C. cared关心D. accepted接受,我们两个几分钟前都知道我是不会关心他发生了什么的。选C

小题19:考查动词:A. treasuring珍惜B. protecting保护C. making制作D. showing展示,从前面的句子:Mike held his cup tightly,可知迈克很珍惜这些钱。选A

小题20:考查名词:A. lesson  功课B. name名字C. chance机会D. fortune运气,半杯零钱对于给我这些没有名字的脸一个名字来说似乎太少了。选B

点评:本文主要是测试学生综合运用语言的能力,即从语篇的角度综合测试阅读理解能力、词汇的掌握和对英语习惯用语的熟悉程度、以及语法规则的灵活运用。考生做题时必须时刻从上下文考虑,不应该只看到所添的词在短语或句子内是否可行。因此,在做题时最好将全文通读一下,了解了全文的意思以后再作答。

阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文字,完成1-3题。

  王安石曾赋诗咏梅:“遥知不是雪,为有暗香来。”在这里,当白梅和落雪引起人们视觉上的混淆时,发挥重要辨别作用的就是嗅觉。人类能够识别和记忆大约1万种不同的气味,其生理机制却一直是个谜。为此,许多科学家孜孜不倦地进行研究,以求找到解开奇妙的嗅觉世界之谜的钥匙。

  在嗅觉的早期研究中,气味的识别,一般被认为是气味分子与嗅觉受体相结合的结果。1977年,科学家发现这种受体存在于嗅觉神经元伸入鼻腔黏膜的嗅纤毛上。一旦将这些嗅纤毛移除,嗅觉能力也将随之丧失。这说明嗅纤毛是嗅觉系统运行的起点。

  但是,气味分子又是如何转化为嗅觉信号传递到大脑的呢?美国科学家理查德?阿克塞尔和琳达·巴克发现,当气味分子与嗅觉受体结合后,作为化学信号的气味分子经过属于GTP蛋白(通称G蛋白)的嗅觉受体的复杂作用,转变为电信号后,便沿着嗅觉神经开始一场接力跑。这些信号先从鼻腔进入颅内,最后被传至大脑嗅觉皮层某些精细区域,在那里它们被翻译成特定的嗅觉信息,即被人们感知。这就是阿克塞尔和巴克为我们描述的完整的嗅觉信号通路理论。

  其实,在上世纪80年代末期,科学家就发现在探测气味的神经元中存在着一套G蛋白信号通路,而且前人的生物化学和生理学研究成果也暗示G蛋白可能参与了嗅觉信号的传导过程。当阿克塞尔和巴克在构建嗅觉信号通路理论时,他们发现嗅觉受体属于G蛋白受体家族,蒙在嗅觉系统这个谜团上的“盖头”终于被掀开了一角。

  作为优秀的科学家,阿克塞尔和巴克并没有在这里停下脚步。他们将嗅觉系统的研究提升到了分子水平,尤其是侧重基因方面的研究。他们认为人类能够识别众多气味分子,其自身必有多种能识别这些气味分子的属于G蛋白的嗅觉受体,并且还存在着编码这些蛋白的基因家族。阿克塞尔和巴克这种创造性的研究为他们2004年获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖奠定了基础。

1.下列对阿克塞尔和巴克的嗅觉信号通路理论理解错误的一项是(     )

A.气味分子在属于G蛋白的嗅觉受体的作用下从化学信号转变成为电信号。

B.嗅觉信号通路的末端是大脑嗅觉皮层中的某些精细区域。

C.嗅觉信号通路理论阐述的是气味分子转化为嗅觉信号传递到大脑的过程。

D.作为化学信号的气味分子到达大脑嗅觉皮层某些精细区域被翻译成嗅觉信息。

2.下列对文中嗅觉研究成果的承接顺序表述正确的一项是(     )

A.在发现嗅纤毛是嗅觉系统运行的起点后,科学家进一步认识到气味的识别是气味分子与嗅觉受体相结合的结果。

B.在嗅觉信号通路理论提出后,科学家又发现了探测气味的神经元中存在着一套G蛋白信号通路。

C.在生物化学和生理学研究成果暗示G蛋白可能参与了嗅觉信号的传导后,科学家发现了在探测气味的神经元中有一套G蛋白通路。

D.在得知G蛋白可能参与嗅觉信号的传导过程后,科学家即确认嗅觉受体属于G蛋白受体家族。

3.根据原文提供的信息,以下推断正确的一项是(     )

A.从2004年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的评选可以看出,基因研究很有可能成为嗅觉系统研究的重要方向。 B.王安石的咏梅诗和阿克塞尔、巴克的嗅觉研究说明,中国人关注的是审美,外国人关注的是科学。

C.人类能够识别约1万种气味,按照阿克塞尔和巴克的理论,人类自身也应该有约1万种属于G蛋白的嗅觉受体。

D.嗅觉研究的历史说明,科学研究应该继承前人的研究成果,沿袭前人的研究方向和研究方法,这样才能取得进展。

单项选择题