问题 推断题

维拉佐酮是临床上使用广泛的抗抑郁药,其关键中间体合成路线如下:

已知:①   

(1)反应类型:反应④_______________   反应⑤_________________ 。

(2)结构简式:A ___________________   C _____________________ 。

(3)书写反应②的化学方程式:_________________________________________________。实验中反应②必须在K2CO3弱碱性条件下进行的原因是:______________________。

(4)合成过程中反应③与反应④不能颠倒的理由为:_______________________。

(5)反应⑥中(Boc)2O是由两分子C5H10O3脱水形成的酸酐,写出分子式为C5H10O3,且分子中只含有2种不同化学环境氢原子,能发生水解反应的结构简式(书写2种):_____________________________、__________________________。

(6)实验室还可用直接反应生成D,但实验中条件控制不当会发生副反应生成副产物,写出副产物有机物的结构简式________。 

答案

(1)还原(1分)   取代(1分)

(2)A.(1分)    C. (1分)

(3) +    + HCl(2分)

弱碱性下K2CO3可与生成的HCl反应,使反应②更多的向正反应方向移动(1分)

(4)防止醛基被还原(1分)

(5)(1分)、(1分)(合理即给分)

(6)(1分)  C2H5OH(1分)

题目分析:根据A到B再到,可知A.,B为。而由到C物质,脱掉一分子水,再根据C前后物质,可推出C为。反应④发生的是硝基还原为氨基的反应。反应⑤发生类似信息的反应,即为取代反应。故各题答案可分析如下:

(1)反应类型:反应④是还原, 反应⑤是取代反应。

(2)结构简式A. C.

(3)书写反应②的化学方程式:52. +    + HCl。实验中反应②必须在K2CO3弱碱性条件下进行的原因是从化学平衡移动的角度进行考虑:弱碱性下K2CO3可与生成的HCl反应,使反应②更多的向正反应方向移动。

(4)由于醛基有还原性,故合成过程中反应③与反应④不能颠倒的理由为:防止醛基被还原。

(5)能发生水解反应说明是酯类,综合考虑为满足条件的有

(6)根据信息 中氨基中的氢被中的类似于信息2中基团取代,故副产物有机物的结构简式。 

阅读理解

阅读理解.

     When I was an education official in Palo Alto,California,Polly Tyner,the president of

our school board,wrote a letter that was printed in the Palo Alto Times.Polly's son,Jim,

had great difficulty in school.He was classified as educationally disabled and required a

great deal of patience on the part of his parents and teachers.But Jim was a happy kid

with a great smile that lit up the room.His parents acknowledged his academic difficulties,

but always tried to help him see his strengths so that he could walk with pride.Shortly after

Jim finished high school,he was killed in a motorcycle accident.After his death,his mother

submitted this letter to the newspaper.

                                                                          

     Today we buried our 20-year-old son.He was killed instantly in a motorcycle

accident on Friday night.How I wish I had known when I talked to him last that it would be

the last time.If I had only known I would have said,"Jim,I love you and I'm very proud of you."

     I would have taken the time to count the many blessings he brought to the lives of the

many who loved him.I would have taken time to appreciate his beautiful smile,the sound

of his laughter,his genuine love of people.

     When you put all the good qualities on the scale and you try to balance all the irritating

phenomena such as the radio which was always too loud,the haircut that wasn't to our liking,

the dirty socks under the bed,etc.,your angry feelings won't amount to much.

     I won't get another chance to tell my son all I would have wanted him to hear,but,other

parents,you do have a chance.Tell your young people what you would want them to hear

if you knew it would be your last conversation.The last time I talked to Jim was the day he

died.He called me to say,"Hi,Mom! I just called to say I love you.Got to go to work.Bye."

He gave me something to treasure forever.

     If there is any purpose at all to Jim's death,maybe it is to make others appreciate more

of life and to have people,especially families,take the time to let each other know just how

much we care.

     You may never have another chance.

1. According to the passage,we know that________.

A.Jim kept to himself

B.Jim did very well in his studies

C.Jim's parents were patient with him

D.Jim failed to finish his high school

2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?_____

A.Many people in the school loved him.

B.Jim's smile cheered up his family.

C.Jim was killed in a motorcycle accident at the age of 20.

D.Jim wanted to be a motorcyclist after his graduation.

3. The underlined word "irritating" in Paragraph 4 means__________.

A.annoying

B.aggressive

C.impatient

D.thrilling

4. By writing the letter printed in the Palo Alto Times,the author intends to________.

A.mourn her son's sudden death in a traffic accident

B.remind people to be cautious of motorcycles

C.suggest people taking the chance to express their love in time

D.appreciate more of life than ever before

5. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?_____

A.Love Your Family

B.Do It Today

C.Walk with Pride

D.AppreciateSmiles

单项选择题