问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读《心田上的百合花》,完成后面小题。(18分)

在一个偏僻遥远的山谷里,有一个高达数千尺的断崖。不知道什么时候,断崖边上长出了一株小小的百合。

百合刚刚诞生的时候,长得和杂草一模一样。但是,它心里知道自己并不是一株野草。它的内心深处,有一个内在的纯洁的念头:“我是一株百合,不是一株野草。惟一能证明我是百合的方法,就是开出美丽的花朵。”

有了这个念头,百合努力地吸收水分和阳光,深深地扎根,直立地挺着胸膛。

终于在一个春天的清晨,百合的顶部结出了第一个花苞。

百合心里很高兴,附近的杂草却很不屑,它们在私底下嘲笑着百合:“这家伙明明是一株草,偏偏说自己是一株花,还真以为自己是一株花,我看它顶上结的不是花苞,而是头脑长瘤了。”

公开场合,它们则讥讽百合:“你不要做梦了,即使你真的会开花,在这荒郊野外,你的价值还不是跟我们一样?”

偶而也有飞过的蜂蝶鸟雀,它们也会劝百合不用那么努力开花:“在这断崖边上,纵然开出世界上最美的花,也不会有人来欣赏呀!”

百合说:“我要开花,是因为我知道自己有美丽的花;我要开花,是为了完成作为一株花的庄严生命;我要开花,是由于自己喜欢以花来证明自己的存在。不管有没有人欣赏,不管你们怎么看我,我都要开花!”

在野草和蜂蝶的鄙夷下,野百合努力地释放内心的能量。有一天,它终于开花了,它那灵性的白和秀挺的风姿,成为断崖上最美丽的颜色。

这时候,野草再也不敢嘲笑它了。

百合花一朵一朵地盛开着,花朵上每天都有晶莹的水珠,野草们以为那是昨夜的露水,只有百合自己知道,那是极深沉的欢喜所结的泪滴。

年年春天,野百合努力地开花、结籽。它的种子随着风,落在山谷、草原和悬崖边上,到处都开满洁白的野百合。

几十年后,远在百里外的人,从城市,从乡村,千里迢迢赶来欣赏百合开花。许多孩童跪下来,闻嗅百合花的芬芳;许多情侣互相拥抱,许下了“百年好合”的誓言;无数的人看到这从未见过的美,感动得落泪,触动内心那纯净温柔的一角。那里,被人称为“百合谷地”。

不管别人怎么欣赏,满山的百合花都谨记着第一株百合的教导:

“我们要全心全意默默地开花,以花来证明自己的存在。”

小题1:结合全文内容,说说野百合在开花的过程中碰到了哪些困难?4分

小题2:联系上下文,分析下列句子在文中的含义。5分

(1)那是极深沉的欢喜所结的泪滴。2分

(2)我们要全心全意默默地开花,以花来证明自己的存在。3分

小题3:赏析第八段中运用的修辞手法和表达作用。4分

小题4:文章以花喻人,花品即人品,对我们的生活和学习有很大的启发。请你从“百合花”和“野草”中任选一个,结合实际,谈谈自己的认识。(80~100字之间)5分

答案

小题1:A、生长的环境恶劣:在偏僻的山谷,有高达数千尺的断崖;B、野草蜂蝶对它进行无情的讽刺。

小题2:(1)那晶莹的水珠是自己历尽艰难坎坷(1分)后终于成功绽放喜极而泣(2分)的泪滴。

(2)我们要一心一意、全力以赴地奋斗(1分),不畏人言,不事张扬(1分),以目标的达成来证明自己的人生价值(1分)

小题3:本段运用拟人、反复和排比,生动地表现了野百合有明确的人生目标,坚定的信念和执着(坚持不懈或持之以恒)的奋斗精神。(3分)同时启迪我们:做人要有目标,更要又坚定地信念,不畏人言,勇往直前,用成功来证明生命的存在价值。(1分)

小题4:本题为开放性试题,不设统一答案。

小题1:

题目分析:两方面分析:一、生活条件;二、他人看不起。结合全文内容就提阐释即可。

小题2:

题目分析:仔细揣摩,把“百合”看做一个人,可以揣摩出其内心的感想。1句,是因成功的喜悦而落泪。2句是表明他在坚持,坚持到底才是胜利。

小题3:

题目分析:从修辞方面分析运用了拟人,排比、反复等。拟人的作用是可以使读者不仅对所表达的事物产生鲜明的印象,而且感受到作者对该事物的强烈感情,运用拟人表现喜爱的事物,可以把它写得栩栩如生,使人倍感亲切自然;排比的作用在于能突出文章的中心,表达强烈奔放的情感,增强语言的气势;是提高表达效果的重要环节。反问的作用是加强语气,把本来已确定的思想表现得更加鲜明、强烈。结合语境具体分析即可。

小题4:

题目分析:从百合花的角度应着重谈学习百合花坚定的信念和执著的奋斗精神,不自卑,不张扬,努力实现自己的人生价值;从野草的角度应着重谈做人要心胸宽广、与人为善,在别人身处困境时要给予充分的鼓励与帮助等。

阅读理解

Sitting and eating quietly on his father’s lap, the 18-month-old was oblivious to the infection in his veins(血管).But his father a strong farmer, knew only too well. It was the same one that killed his wife four month ago, leaving him alone with four children. The man started to cry.

“When my wife died, I thought ,well, it is from God, but at least I have him.” he said. “Then I learned he is sick, too. I asked if there was medicine and the doctors said no.

HIV and AIDS have quietly arrived in this land. They remain almost completely underground, hidden in ignorance(无知)and shame.

The father of the infected 18-month-old said his village teacher had never talked about AIDS. Nearly a year of tests on the father have found no HIV, and the old children are clear, but his smallest child tested positive(阳性)at ten months.

Six years earlier, his wife lost a baby and have several transfusions in Pakistan. After she became sick and was found to be infected, “I told the family her blood was not good and to avoid eating with her.” he said. “And I told them not to kiss his son, he burst into tears.

“I don’t know what to do,” he said; “I have sacrificed so much since my marriage.. I mortgaged (抵押)half my land to pay for her medical care.”

The father can do little for his son but keep his secret. There are no AIDS treatment centers in Afghanistan, only a single secret clinic in the capital that just monitors the disease, and no drugs are available.

小题1:The underlined part “was oblivious to” in Paragraph 1 can best be replaced by______.

A. was shocked by

B. was afraid of

C. was curious about

D. was unaware of小题2:What happened to the man?

A. He was diagnosed with AIDS just now

B. He has no money to support the family

C. His wife died of AIDS four weeks ago

D. His youngest son was infected with AIDS小题3:It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that______

A. the wife had several blood transfusions

B. the family knew how to avoid AIDS

C. the farmer had little knowledge about AIDS

D. the family loved the youngest son most小题4:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. There are several AIDS treatment centers in Afghanistan

B. The farmer will keep his son’s disease unknown to others

C. The farmer sold his house to pay for his wife’s medial care

D. Afghanistian’s medical conditions have been greatly improved.

单项选择题