问题 选择题

常温常压下,将a mol CO2气体通入1L bmol/L的NaOH溶液中,下列对所得溶液的描述不正确的是(    )

A.当1/2<a/b<1时,所得溶液中一定存在:c(Na)+c(H)=2c(CO32-)+c(HCO3)+c(OH

B.当a=b时,所得溶液中存在:c(OH)+c(CO32-)=c(H)+c(H2CO3

C.当a/b=2/3时,所得溶液中存在:3c(Na)=2c(CO32-)+2c(HCO3)+2c(H2CO3

D.当2a=b时,所得溶液中存在:c(Na)>c(CO32-)>c(OH)>c(HCO3)>c(H

答案

答案:C

题目分析:当1/2<a/b<1时,二氧化碳和氢氧化钠反应生成碳酸氢钠和碳酸钠,根据电荷守恒知,碳酸氢钠中存在c(Na+)+ c(H)=2c(CO32-)+c (HCO3-)+c (OH),A项正确;当a=b时,二氧化碳和氢氧化钠反应恰好生成碳酸氢钠当a=b,二氧化碳和氢氧化钠恰好反应生成碳酸氢钠,根据物料守恒知,碳酸氢钠中存在c(Na+)=c(CO32-)+c (HCO3-)+c (H2CO3)①,根据电荷守恒知,c(Na+)+c (H+)=2c(CO32-)+c (HCO3-)+c (OH-)②,将②-①得c(CO32-)+c(OH-)=c (H+)+c (H2CO3),B项正确;当a/b=2/3时,二氧化碳和氢氧化钠反应生成碳酸氢钠和碳酸钠之比为1:1,根据物料守恒知,碳酸氢钠中存在c(Na+)=c(CO32-)+c (HCO3-)+c (H2CO3)①,碳酸钠中存在c(Na+)=2c(CO32-)+2c (HCO3-)+2c (H2CO3)②,将②+①得2c(Na)=3c(CO32-)+3c(HCO3)+3c(H2CO3),故C选项错误;当2a=b时,二氧化碳和氢氧化钠反应恰好生成碳酸钠,钠离子不水解,碳酸根离子水解,所以c(Na+)>c(CO32-),碳酸根离子和碳酸氢根离子水解都产生氢氧根离子,但水解较微弱,且只有碳酸根离子水解产生碳酸氢根离子,所以c(CO32-)>c(OH-)>c(HCO3-),D正确;选C。

填空题
阅读理解

阅读理解。

      It was a warm April day when a big fat envelope came in the mail from the only college I had ever

imagined attending. I tore open the packet. My eyes were fixed on the word "congratulations."I don't

remember ever smiling so wide.

     Then I looked at my financial (财政的) package.

     The cost of Dream School's tuition (学费), room and board was around $ 40,000- an impossible sum!

How could I afford to attend? What good reasons did I have to go there when three other fine colleges

were offering me free tuition? My other choices were good, solid schools even if they weren't as famous

as my first choice.

     In my mind, attending my dream university would be the only way to realize my dream of becoming a

world-class writer. My parents understood how I felt. They told me that even though it would be a financial

problem, I could go wherever I would be happiest. But as I was always careful with money, I wasn't sure

what to do.

     One of the schools that offered me a full ride had an informational dinner one night in the spring.

to do was smile politely, eat free food, listen quietly. But I surprised myself.

     At dinner the president of the university talked about the wonderful activities on campus (校园) including

guest lectures and social gatherings. He also made it perfectly clear that free food would be offered at all

future events. He continued with explanations of professors, class sizes, activities, and sporting events on

campus. As he spoke, I began to realize that this school, though not as good as my first choice, might be the

best one for me. It seemed small yet with many great programs. It seemed challenging yet caring.

     As the president ended his speech, we clapped politely and pushed back our chairs. As I walked out that

door, a feeling of comfort washed over me. Looking at the campus that night, I realized that I would be

spending the next four years right there.

     In all honesty, my university is not as well-known as my "dream" university. However, it turned out to be

the right choice of schools for me.

1. How did the author feel when he started to read the letter?

A. He was full of joy.

B. He was lost in his dream.

C. He was worried about the money.

D. He was uncertain which school to go to.

2. We can learn from the passage that the parents were ______.

A. honest

B. strict

C. supportive

D. decisive

3. In Paragraph 5, "offered me a full ride"can be replaced by "_______".

A. would pay for transport to the school

B. would show me around the campus

C. would offer free meals at all events

D. would charge me nothing for tuition

4. What does the author mainly want to say?

A. Your second-choice college may actually by your best fit.

B. You should consider comfort in your choice of schools.

C. You should try your best to attend your dream school.

D. Your choice of schools should be based on their fame.