WHEN John Gurdon was 15, he ranked last out of the 250 boys in his grade at biology. He also came in last for every other science subject. His teacher wrote in a : “I believe he has ideas about becoming a ; on his present showing this is quite foolish.” Luckily, the teacher’s words didn’t Gurdon’s love for science. He kept working hard. He went to lab earlier and left than anyone else. On Oct 8, 2012, 64 years later, the British professor the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine. Japanese scientist Shinya Yamanaka had contributed to the research and therefore the award. Gurdon got the honor his research into cells and cloning. When he was studying at Oxford, he did some on cells. He took a cell from an adult frog, moved its , and put them into an egg cell. The egg cell then into a clone of the adult frog. His research for the first time that every cell in the body contains the same genes. At that time, many people accept Gurdon’s idea. But later it helped to Dolly the sheep in 1996, the first cloned mammal in history. It also led to important findings in the use of cells. For example, from someone’s skin can turn into any type of tissue in the body. This is good news for those who have diseased or damaged tissue. Gurdon always remembers the he had when he was 15. He even put the report on his desk as a daily to himself. “When you have , like an experiment doesn’t work, it’s nice to remind yourself that perhaps you are not so good at your job and the teacher may be ,” he said. However, the facts suggest Gurdon is pretty good indeed.
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小题1:A
小题2:B
小题3:A
小题4:B
小题5:A
小题6:D
小题7:C
小题8:D
小题9:C
小题10:B
小题11:C
小题12:A
小题13:D
小题14:B
小题15:A
小题16:C
小题17:B
小题18:C
小题19:D
小题20:A
题目分析：英国诺贝尔奖获得者Gurdon曾是全年级最差学生，并被老师认定是愚蠢的学生，但是Gurdon通过自己的不懈努力证明自己，在研究细胞和克隆方面取得很大成就，获得诺贝尔医学奖。
小题1:考查名词：A. report报告，B. letter信，C. passage段落，D. program节目，从后面的句子：“I believe he has ideas about becoming a 17 ; on his present showing this is quite foolish.”可知这是老师在报告里面写的内容，选A
小题2:考查名词：A. musician音乐家，B. scientist科学家，C. manager经理，D. millionaire百万富翁，从前面的句子：He also came in last for every other science subject.可知老师认为他有成为科学家的想法，但是现在看这是很愚蠢的，选B
小题3:考查动词：A. stop停止，B. mean意味着，打算，C. inspire激励，D. reflect反应，老师的话没有阻止他对科学的爱，选A
小题4:考查形容词：A. sooner更快，B. later更迟，C. more hurriedly更匆忙，D. more happily更高兴，他去实验室比别人早走的比别人迟，选B
小题5:考查动词：A. won赢得，B. founded成立，C. dreamed of梦想，D. applied for申请，这个英国教授获得诺贝尔物理或医学奖，选A
小题6:考查动词：A. accepted接受，B. refused拒绝，C. collected收集，D. shared分享，从前面的句子：Japanese scientist Shinya Yamanaka had contributed to the research可知两个人分享了这个奖，选D
小题7:考查词组：A. instead of代替，B. in spite of而不是，C. because of因为，D. in place of代替，Gurdon获得这个荣誉是因为他对细胞和克隆的贡献，选C
小题8:考查动词：A. reading阅读，B. writing写，C. change改变，D. research研究，在牛津大学的时候，他对细胞有一些研究，选D
小题9:考查名词：A. baby婴儿，B. power权力，C. genes基因，D. features特征，他取出成年青蛙的细胞，改变它的基因，放进鸡蛋细胞里面，选C
小题10:考查动词：.A. cut切割，B. grew生长，C. went去，D. formed形成，鸡蛋细胞然后长成成年青蛙的复制品，选B
小题11:考查动词：.A. predicted预测，B. studied学习，C. proved证明，D. provided提供，他的研究第一次证明身体的每一个细胞都有同样的基因，选C
小题12:考查情态动词：A. couldn’t不能，B. shouldn’t不该，C. mustn’t禁止，D. needn’t不必，当时很多人不能接受Gurdon的想法，选A
小题13:. 考查动词：A. save拯救，B. drive开车，C. feed喂食，D. create创造，但是后来它有助于第一个克隆羊Dolly的诞生，选D
小题14:考查形容词：.A. everyday每天的，B. medical医学的，C. physical身体的，物理的，D. illegal违法的，它也导致了细胞的医学方面的使用的重要发现，选B
小题15:考查名词：A. cells细胞，B. hairs头发，C. water水，D. blood血液，比如人皮肤里面的细胞可以变成身体任何一个器官，选A
小题16:考查名词：.A. fools笨蛋，B. scientists科学家，C. patients病人，D. doctors医生，这对那些有患病器官或受损器官的病人来说是好消息。选C
小题17:考查名词：A. friend朋友，B. teacher老师，C. classmate同学，D. neighbor邻居，从前面的句子：His teacher wrote in a 16 :可知他一直记得老师在他15岁的时候给他写的内容，选B
小题18:考查名词：A. rule规定，B. paper纸，C. reminder提醒物，D. reward回报，奖赏，他甚至把报告放在桌子上每天提醒他，选C
小题19:考查名词：.A. prizes奖品，B. diseases疾病，C. meals三餐，D. problems问题，从后面的句子：like an experiment doesn’t work,可知是当你有问题的时候，选D
小题20:考查形容词：.A. right正确的，B. wrong错误的，C. happy快乐的，D. welcome受欢迎的，从前面的句子：perhaps you are not so good at your job可知老师这样说可能是对的，选A