问题 问答题 简答题

简析闻一多《死水》的思想蕴涵和艺术的特点。

答案

参考答案:

《死水》这首诗,我们感受到了诗人理想与现实的冲突,在《红烛》里所表现的那种纯朴的爱国情思,在这里转化为对祖国现实的强烈不满、失望而引发的愤懑之情。诗人透过强烈的审美反差,使人感到越是写死水的“美”,就越能体味到它的丑,也越能领悟到诗人心底的悲愤,原来理想中的种种美好,只不过是一沟发臭的死水!诗人理想的破灭、追求的绝望和由此。而转化成的对民族命运的深切忧虑,都变得更加深沉、冷峻了。

《死水》是闻一多所提倡的诗歌“三美”理论的最满意的试验。闻一多是我国最早提倡新诗格律化的诗人,他主张新的格律诗必须具有“音乐的美”(音节),“绘画的美”(词藻)和“建筑的美”(诗的匀称和句的整齐)。《死水》充分体现了这些特点。每行诗都由四个音步(三个“二字尺”和一个“三字尺”)构成,三字尺在每行中出现的位置可以有变化,收尾都是双音词,这样读起来富有节奏感,抑扬顿挫,琅琅上口;用词注意色彩,形象鲜明;每节四行,每行九字,形式十分整齐。闻一多对新格律诗的提倡和实践,有助于纠正“五四”以来部分新诗“散而无章”的弊病。

选择题
完形填空
根据短文内容,从下框的A~F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余项。
A. Adults keep pets with their children
B. Pet –keeping has a very long history.
C. Pet-keeping may do harm to animals.
D. People keep pets for their aesthetic need.
E. Caged pets become increasingly popular.
F. Pet-keeping is helpful for children’s growth.
小题1:    Pet-keeping is a time-honored tradition. One of the reasons for people to raise dogs or cows was usefulness. While people in the past hunted animals and keep them in their backyards, the civilized man today is less cruel towards them and is less exploitative(利用的).
小题2:   We keep animals as pets because they are attractive. We all have the urge to possess something that has aesthetic(美学的) value, and that is why we treasure paintings or fine furniture. Keeping pets is one form of this urge. A Siamese cat in the house can be a decorative object. Pets are playful animals and they amuse us. A little rabbit amuses us by its playful and lively runs.
小题3:   Many people find it helpful to have pets in the house for their children. Having pets is an excellent way of developing in children the love of animals and responsibility. Children get the opportunity to take on full responsibility for another creature’s life. It will be an educational experience for a child to watch the natural life cycle of an animal. There are psychological (心理的) benefits for children. Pets are welcome friends for children who are lonely. Pets are excellent companions. Keeping pets means giving love and being loved. We find comfort in giving care and receiving care in return. We get pleasure from their appearance and their behavior.
小题4:    As more people move into apartments, there are limitations on keeping of animals like dogs and monkeys. Therefore, caged animals have increased in popularity. Birds fall into this group. We keep them for their beautiful songs and feathers. Fish-keeping is a widespread hobby and keeper can observe their behavior in the glass tank and study its entire life cycle. The cat is a fine house pet and it fits neatly into human habitation(居住地) without requiring its own cage. They are wonderful hunters, if there are rats around.
小题5:Pets satisfy man’s desire to care for a bit of nature. The pet owner has the responsibility for supplying those needs that nature provides. Pets are amusing and entertaining, but we are in a way doing animals harm by making them live in a human environment. Are we not enslaving(奴役) them?