问题 单项选择题

仅用检偏器观察一束光时,强度有一最大但无消光位置,在检偏器前置一块1/4波片,使其光轴与上述强度为最大的位置平行,通过检偏器观察时有一消光位置,这束光是()。

A.自然光

B.椭圆偏振光

C.部分偏振光

D.平面偏振光

答案

参考答案:B

解析:仅用检偏器观察一束光时,强度有一最大但无消光位置,可确定这束光或者是部分偏振光或者是椭圆偏振光,当在检偏器前置一块1/4波片,使其光轴与上述强度为最大的位置平行,通过检偏器观察时有一消光位置,则入射光是椭圆偏振光该题考察对偏振光的鉴别,鉴别方法如下:1)用检偏器观察一束光时,转动检偏器,光强变化,有消光现象出现,那么这束光是线偏振光2)用检偏器观察一束光时,转动检偏器,光强不变,那么这束光可能是自然光或是圆偏振光。这时可在偏振片前加一块1/4波片后再观察,如果透射光强仍不变化,则入射光是自然光;若转动检偏器一圈,透射光强度有两次消光,则入射光是圆偏振光3)用检偏器观察一束光时,转动检偏器,光强变化,但无消光现象,那么这束光可能是部分偏振光或是椭圆偏振光。同样可以在偏振片前加一块1/4波片后再来观察。这时如果透射光强度变化,但无消光现象的是部分偏振光;若透射光强度变化,有消光现象的是椭圆偏振光

填空题
阅读理解

When the Berlin Wall came down in 1989, Leonard Bernstein gave a concert in Berlin, including Beethoven's Ode to Joy, with the word "Joy" changed to "Freedom" in the lyrics sung.The orchestra(管弦乐队)were drawn from both East and West Germany, as well as the United Kingdom, France, the Soviet Union, and the United States.

Freedom was in the air and it was not just for people. The wall between East and West Germany had also kept a large population of wild pigs within the eastern forests of Brandenburg.The wall's falling down made it easier for the big pigs—a very big one can weigh over 300 pounds—to leave the woodlands and walk into the town. Warm winters and easy access to food have helped the population increase. Now about 10,000 wild pigs walk around Berlin.

The nature of the beast has added to the boom(兴旺)."The pigs are intelligent," says Marc Franusch, a spokesman for the Berlin forestry department. "They learn to use the neighborhoods.They get used to people, dogs, and traffic."  

The wild pigs tend to travel in small groups and have been found searching rubbish and gardens, feeding their piglets(小猪)in the shadow of parked cars, and crossing busy roads.On average, the animals are involved in one traffic accident every day. And despite the fact that it's illegal, some Berliners have been known to give the pigs food.

Though wild pigs are protected under German law, the city's forestry department is permitted to kill 2,000 of the creatures every year, targeting mostly young adult animals in forests surrounding Berlin. Pigs within city limits are only shot if they make an immediate threat.No humans have yet been seriously wounded by them, but local dogs have been the victims of their tusks. "The forestry department is not aiming to get rid of the pigs," explains Franusch, "but we do have to reduce dangerous situations."

小题1:The concert in the first paragraph is given to          

A.celebrate Bernstein's success

B.remind people of fighting for rights

C.show the artists' delight of life

D.express people's joy for freedom小题2:The following factors contribute to the boom of wild pigs EXCEPT          

A.the Berlin Wall

B.adequate food

C.their own nature

D.warm winter小题3:From the text we can know that          

A.in Berlin people can never kill any wild pig

B.it is against law to offer food to wild pigs

C.wild pigs each weigh more than three hundred pounds

D.traffic accidents are mainly caused by wild pigs in Berlin小题4:The article mainly talks about           

A.why wild pigs in Berlin enjoy so much freedom

B.when wild pigs were united in Berlin

C.how wild pigs are living in Berlin

D.what damage wild pigs have done to Berliners