问题 阅读理解与欣赏

善待挫折

       ①漫漫人生,茫茫人海,生活道路上无不充满坎坷。如生活困难,高考落榜,升职无望,体质不佳,办事受阻,无端受控等等。不管你喜欢不喜欢,不管你愿意不愿意,挫折随时都可能降临。

       ②应该怎样看待挫折,怎样去面对挫折呢? 

       ③历史上许许多多仁人志士在与挫折斗争中做出了不平凡的业绩。司马迁在遭受宫刑之后,发愤著书,写出了被鲁迅誉为“史家之绝唱,无韵之离骚”的名著《史记》 。音乐家贝多芬,一生遭遇的挫折是难以形容的。他17岁失去母亲,26岁耳聋,接着又陷入了失恋的痛苦之中。对一个音乐家来说,这打击是多么的大啊! 可贝多芬不消沉,不气馁,他在一封信中写道:“我要扼住命运的咽喉,它妄想使我屈服,这绝对办不到。”他始终顽强地生活,艰难地创作,成为世界不朽的音乐家。

       ④挫折虽给人带来痛苦,但它往往可以磨练人的意志,激发人的斗志;可以使人学会思考,调整行动,以更佳的方式去实现自己的目的,成就辉煌的事业。科学家贝佛里奇说:“人们最出色的工作往往是处于逆境的情况下做出的。”可以说,挫折是造就人才的一种特殊环境。 

       ⑤当然,挫折并不能自发地造就人才,也不是所有经历挫折的人都能有所作为。法国作家巴尔扎克说:“挫折就像一块石头,对于弱者来说是绊脚石,让你却步不前;而对于强者来说却是垫脚石,使你站得更高。” 只有抱着崇高的生活目的,树立崇高的人生理想,并自觉地在挫折中磨练,在挫折中奋起,在挫折中追求的人,才有希望成为生活的强者。

1、第③自然段主要运用了什么论证方法? 采用这种论证方法有什么好处? 

 _______________________________________________________________________________________

2、第④段“人们最出色的工作往往是处于逆境的情况下做出的” 一句中“往往” 一词能否删去?为什么?

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3、文章第⑤段加横线的“绊脚石” 和“垫脚石” 的含义分别是什么?

     绊脚石:______________________________________________________________________________

     垫脚石:______________________________________________________________________________

4、本文所论述的中心论点是什么?请针对这一论点补充一个事实论据并作简要分析。 

 _______________________________________________________________________________________

答案

1、主要运用了事实论证方法(或:例证法)。文中运用司马迁和贝多芬的事例,更有力地论证了“历史上许许多多仁人志士在与挫折斗争中做出了不平凡的业绩”这一观点,进一步增强了说服力。

2、不能删。因为“往往”一词强调了人们最出色的工作常常是处于逆境的情况下做出,如果去掉,就显得过于绝对。

3、绊脚石:人生路上的障碍。垫脚石:人生路上不断前进的凭借。

4、本文论述的中心论点是“要善待挫折”(或:要在挫折中磨练,在挫折中奋起,在挫折中追求,成为生活的强者)

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Albert Einstein was born in Germany in 1879. In his early childhood he was slow to learn to talk

and didn't seem to be very bright. But by the time he was fourteen years old, he had taught himself

advanced math from textbooks. By then he knew what he wanted to be when he grew up. He wanted

to be a physicist in the future.

     The Einstein didn't have so much money to pay for the advanced education that young Albert needed. But the family tried their best to send him to a technical school and later to the university in Switzerland.

After graduation, he went to work, first a teacher, then in a  government (敢府) office. With the pay that

he received he was able to go on with his schooling at the University of Zurich, where he received a

doctor's degree in 1905. This was the first time when he first began the research and studies which led

to his famous Theory of Relativity.

     As time went on, Einstein's theory proved to be correct and by 1914 he had become one of the

most famous men in the world. His work was stopped by the First World War. The war made him quite

sad. He lost interest in much of his research. Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get

happily back to work. He won the Nobel Prize for physics in 1921.

    In 1940, Einstein became an American citizen. He lived the rest of his life in the United States. Besides(陈……之外 ) his work in physics, he spent much  time working for human rights ( * * ) and

progress. He died in the United States in 1955.

1. Einstein wanted to be a physicist ______.   

A. when he got to America

B. when he was fourteen

C. in 1889

D. in 1879

2. Einstein went to work ______. 

A. after he left the University of Zurich

B. after he went to a technical school

C. after he graduated from the university in Switzerland

D. when he was twenty years old

3. Einstein received a doctor's degree______.  

A. after he researched the Theory of Relativity

B. at the University of Zurich

C. when he was l4 years old

D. after he won the Nobel Prize

4. How old was Einstein when he died?   

A. Forty-two.    

B. Fifty-five.

C. Seventy-nine.    

D. Seventy-six.

5. Einstein's family was ______when he was a child.   

A. quite rich    

B. rich

C.not rich    

D. very poor

选择题