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问题 单项选择题

如果该病人突发右上腹痛、寒战、高热39℃，查体：巩膜黄染，BP60/45mmHg，P140次/分，中上腹压痛，最可能的诊断是

A．急性胆囊炎

B．胆囊穿孔腹膜炎

C．急性梗阻性化脓性胆管炎

D．胰腺癌

E．门静脉炎

答案

参考答案：C

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     People know the danger of fires. It's good for a family to learn how to prepare for a fire. Here are some

suggestions:

     Put a smoke alarm in the house. Smoke from a fire causes the alarm to go off.  The alarm makes a loud

sound. The sound tells everyone to leave the house at once.

     Make escape (逃脱) plans. They should know all the ways out of the house. If there is a fire, everyone

follows the plan to get out. Part of the plan is to check all the windows to make sure they can be opened

easily.

     Buy fire extinguishers (灭火器) in the house. Everyone in the family should know how to use them.

     Practice for a fire. They do fire practice because they teach children about fire safety. Everyone in the

family should know the following fire rules:

     ＊Don't open a hot door! The fire can grow more quickly if you open the door.

     ＊Stay close to the floor! Smoke can be more dangerous than fire; the best air is near the floor because

smoke rises.

     ＊What will you do if you hair or clothes start to burn? First, stop! Don't run! The fire burns faster

because of more air. Drop! Fall to the floor. They roll! Turning over and over will make the fire go out. Put

a blanket (毯子) around you to keep air away from the fire that may still be on you.

     There are many possible causes for firs. A wise family is ready all the time. If there is a fire, don't forget

to call 119 for help.

1. What does it mean when a smoke alarm rings at home?

A. You have to get up.

B. Water is running to the floor.

C. Something is burning.

D. Someone breaks your window.

2. The writer advices people to do the following to prepare for a fire except that _______.

A. they practice for a fire

B. they make escape plans

C. they buy fire extinguishers

D. they use electrical cookers

3. When a fire happens, _______ if you open the hot door.

A. the fire will grow more quickly

B. the electricity will be cut off

C. the door will soon be on fire

D. the house will fall down

4. What are the right steps you should take when your hair or clothes catch fire?

A. Stop, run, roll.

B. Stop, drop, roll.

C. Run, drop, roll.

D. Roll, drop, stop.

5. What is the best title for this passage?

A. The Dangers of a Fire.

B. The Cause of a Fire.

C. Learn to Use a Fire Extinguisher.

D. Be Ready for a Fire.

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单项选择题

阅读以下文字，完成以下问题。
我们从何而来仅在十年前，科学家们还一致认为大约320万年前的东非阿法种是最早的人类祖先。而2002年考古学家在西非乍得湖畔发现了一个至今有六七百万年历史的化石；他们认为这是近乎完整的人科动物头盖骨化石，该发现[ ]了人们原先关于原始人类历史的概念。这个化石被称为“托迈”，意为“生命的希望”。它很可能是所有原始人类的祖先。
这块头骨，既带有猿的特征，又带有其后的原始人类的特征。它的颅腔很小，与大猩猩的差不多大，但其下半部分较平，不像大猩猩和黑猩猩具有突出的颌骨，而与后来的原始人类相仿。另外，它的上犬齿小，并且第一颗下前臼齿的磨损跟原始人类的很像，而全然不像大猩猩和黑猩猩较尖的下前臼齿。综合这些特征，化石发现者们坚信他们找到的是一个新的人科动物。
然而，这个结果一经发布便引起了古人类学界的争议。一个进行同类研究的小组认为“托迈”可能是已经灭绝的类人猿或大猩猩的祖先，理由是没有发现能证明其直立行走的骨骼骨——这是作为区分原始人类与古猿的关键特征。而已经目睹过“托迈”风采的人则不予认同。他们表示，从外表特征上判断，“托迈”很可能是原始人类。不管争论的结果如何，不可否认的是，生活在人与猿分化关键时期的“托迈”证明了人类进化的路线的多分支特性。
“托迈”的发现地点，对人类学研究也同样具有革命性意义。在“托迈”之前发现的最古老的人科动物化石分别出土于埃塞俄比亚和肯尼亚。东非大裂谷的东支出土了如此之多又如此之古老的原始人类化石，以至于有些科学家认为，裂谷起了地理隔离作用，裂谷东边干旱、开阔的环境迫使古猿走下树，发展成为人；而在气候湿润、森林茂密的西边，猿仍然生活在树上。这种说法被称为“东边的故事”。
但是，法国古生物学家布鲁内于1995年在乍得挖出一个有350万年历史的颚骨化石，这为“西边的故事”写下了一个开头。“托迈”的出土，又为这个故事描下了重重的一笔。

根据本文提供的信息，下列推断不正确的一项是( )。

A．是否能直立行走，是区分原始人类与古猿的关键因素

B．在法国生物学家布鲁内的发现之前，东非曾一直被视为人类起源的摇篮

C．如果“西边的故事”能够成立，“托迈”将被认为是迄今所知的人类最早的祖先

D．“托迈”的出土表明最早的原始人类在整个非洲的分布比人们预想的还要广泛
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